Animal and Plant Cells

• Organelle in a animal cell and a plant cell

  
• What are the organelle in an animal cell?

  The nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes, mitochondria
• What are the organelle in a plant cell?

  nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes, mitochondria, permanent vacuole, cell wall and chloroplasts
• Which organelle is only found in a plant cell?

  Permanent vacuole, cell wall and chloroplasts
• The nucleus:

  • The nucleus contains the genetic information (DNA) and it controls cell activities
  • It contains chromosomes that carry the instructions for making proteins needed to build new cells or organisms
  • The average diameter is 10 micrometres
  • Found in both animal and plant
• The cytoplasm:

  • A liquid gel in which the organelles are suspended where most of the chemical reactions needed for life takes place
  • Where most of the chemical reactions needed for life takes place
  • Found in both animal and plant
• The cell membrane:

  • Controls the passage of substances such as glucose and mineral ions into the cell
  • Controls the movement of substances such as urea and hormones out of the cell
  • Found in both animal and plant cells
• The mitochondria:

  • Is where energy is released through aerobic respiration
  • They use oxygen in the process of releasing chemical energy from sugars
  • Very small (1-2 micrometres in length and 0.2-0.7 micrometres in diameter)
  • Found in both animal and plant cells
• The ribosomes:

  • Where protein synthesis takes place
  • Found in both animal and plant cells
• Plants are different to animals. They produce their own food through photosynthesis so their cells have structures that help them

  Plant cells are often larger than animal cells (ranging from 10-100 micrometres in length)
• Plants and algae share 3 additional organelle compared to animal cells
• The cell wall:

  • Made of cellulose which strengthens the cell and gives support
• The permanent vacuole:

  • Space in the cytoplasm containing cell sap which keeps the cell rigid to allow support
• The chloroplasts:

  • They contain chlorophyll pigment which absorbs sunlight so that the plants can make food by photosynthesis
  • Chloroplasts are around 3-5 micrometres long