CB7

• What is a hormone

  A chemical messenger produced by a gland to coordinate the body
• Hormones are carried in the blood and released from a range of endocrine
• What is a target organ

  The origin/tissue affected by a specific hormone causing a change in what it is doing
• What does the thyroid gland produce


  Several hormones including thyroxine
• What does the adrenal gland release

  Hormones including adrenalin
• What does the testes produce

  Sex hormone testosterone
• What does the pituitary gland release

  ACTH,FSH,LH and growth hormones
• What does the pancreas contain

  Cells producing insulin and others that produce glucagon
• what does the overaises produce:

  Sex hormones oestrogen and progesterone
• How does the nervous system work with the endocrine system

  They work together to detect and transmit signals from internal and external stimuli to maintain homeostasis in the body
• What are the cells in many organs that hormones target called?

  Target cells
• Which gland produces thyroxine?

  Thyroid gland
• What hormone is associated with the adrenal glands and prepares the body for action?

  Adrenalin
• Which cells are targeted by adrenalin?

  Heart muscle cells and other cells
• What hormone is produced by the pancreas that lowers blood glucose levels?

  Insulin
• Which cells are targeted by insulin?

  Liver cells and muscle cells
• What hormone is produced by the ovaries?

  Oestrogen
• What hormone does the pituitary gland produce that stimulates the ovaries?

  FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
• What is the function of LH produced by the pituitary gland?

  Triggers ovulation
• What hormone does the pancreas produce that raises blood glucose levels?

  Glucagon
• What effect does testosterone have on boys?

  It promotes secondary sexual characteristics and development
• What effect does thyroxine have on the body?

  It increases the rate of cellular respiration
• What is the effect of growth hormone on tissues?

  It increases the rate of growth of many tissues
• What is the primary effect of adrenalin on the body?

  It prepares the body for action
• How does insulin affect glucose levels in the blood?

  It increases the uptake of glucose from the blood
• What effect does oestrogen have on girls?

  It promotes secondary sexual characteristics and development
• What is the effect of glucagon on glycogen in the liver?

  It triggers cells to break down glycogen to glucose and release it into the blood
• What are the effects of the main hormones discussed?

  • Testosterone: Secondary sexual characteristics in boys
  • Thyroxine: Increases cellular respiration
  • Growth hormone: Increases growth of tissues
  • Adrenalin: Prepares body for action
  • Insulin: Increases glucose uptake
  • Oestrogen: Secondary sexual characteristics in girls
  • Glucagon: Breaks down glycogen to glucose
• What are the glands associated with the hormones mentioned?

  • Testosterone: Testes
  • Thyroxine: Thyroid gland
  • Growth hormone: Pituitary gland
  • Adrenalin: Adrenal glands
  • Insulin: Pancreas
  • Oestrogen: Ovaries
  • FSH and LH: Pituitary gland
  • Glucagon: Pancreas
• What is the role of hormones in the body?

  Hormones are produced by a gland to coordinate the body's metabolism.
• What is metabolism?

  Metabolism is all the chemical reactions that occur in your body.
• What is metabolic rate?

  Metabolic rate is the speed at which the chemical reactions take place in your body.
• What is glycogen?

  Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in humans.
• What is the composition of a lipid?

  A lipid is composed of 1 glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acid molecules.
• Where are lipids found in the body?

  Lipids are found in the cell membrane.
• What is the independent variable in the relationship between body mass and metabolic rate?

  The independent variable is body mass.
• What is the dependent variable in the relationship between body mass and metabolic rate?

  The dependent variable is metabolic rate.
• How does body mass affect metabolic rate?

  As body mass increases, metabolic rate also increases.
• What is the resting metabolic rate?

  The resting metabolic rate is measured with the body at rest in a warm room and long after the person last had a meal.
• What is negative feedback?

  Negative feedback is a control mechanism reacting to a change in a condition by trying to bring levels back to normal.