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Created by
Kayalnila Arulpirakasam
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Cards (22)
Work done =
force
x
distance
moved
What does voltage measure in an electrical circuit?
The
difference
in
electric potential energy
between two points
Why is voltage considered the driving force in a circuit?
It causes
electric charges
to
flow
What does 1 volt equal in terms of joules and coulombs?
1 volt = 1 joule per
coulomb
(
J/C
)
What is Ohm's law?
The
relationship
between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) is described by
V
=
V =
V
=
I
×
R
I \times R
I
×
R
What forces are responsible for the structure of ionic compounds?
Strong
electrostatic
forces between
oppositely
charged ions
What are conductors and
insulators?
Conductors have
high
conductivity (e.g., metals), while insulators have
low
conductivity (e.g., rubber)
How is
conductivity
measured?
In
Siemens
per
meter
(S/m)
Why is copper considered an excellent conductor?
Because it has free electrons that can
move
easily
What is the effect of diluting an aqueous NaCl solution on its electrical conductivity?
It would
decrease
the
conductivity
due to lower ion concentration
What occurs during the dissociation of ionic compounds in water?
Ionic compounds
break apart into
ions
What is the role of impurities in the conductivity of materials?
Impurities can sometimes provide
additional charge carriers
Why do aqueous ionic
solutions
have high electrical conductivity?
Because
dissolved
ions can
move freely
in the solution
How does hydration affect ionic compounds in aqueous
solutions
?
Water molecules surround
and
separate
the ions
What is the definition of electrical resistance?
Electrical resistance is a measure of how much a material opposes the flow of electric current through it.
What effect does resistance have on the flow of electrons?
Resistance
slows down
the flow of electrons.
What happens to electrical energy when resistance is present?
It converts
electrical
energy into other forms, usually
heat.
What is Ohm's law?
Ohm's law describes the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) as
V
=
V =
V
=
I
⋅
R
I \cdot R
I
⋅
R
.
What factors affect the resistance in a conductor?
Length,
cross-sectional
area, material, and
temperature
affect resistance.
How does temperature affect resistance in most materials?
Resistance increases with
temperature
for most
materials.
What are common prefixes for larger or smaller resistances?
Kilohm (kΩ), megohm (
MΩ
), and milliohm (
mΩ
).
What are the formulas for calculating total resistance in series and parallel circuits?
-
Series
:
R
t
o
t
a
l
=
R_{total} =
R
t
o
t
a
l
=
R
1
+
R_1 +
R
1
+
R
2
+
R_2 +
R
2
+
R
3
+
R_3 +
R
3
+
…
\ldots
…
- Parallel:
1
R
total
=
\frac{1}{R_{\text{total}}} =
R
total
1
=
1
R
1
+
\frac{1}{R_1} +
R
1
1
+
1
R
2
\frac{1}{R_2}
R
2
1
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