osmosis

• What is diffusion?


  Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
• How do oxygen and glucose molecules move into a cell?

  They diffuse down their concentration gradient into the cell.
• What is osmosis?


  Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration.
• What does the term "water concentration" refer to?

  Water concentration refers to the amount of water compared to other molecules like sugars or salts dissolved in that water.
• What are solutes?


  Solutes are the molecules like sugars or salts that are dissolved in water.
• How does the concentration of solutes affect water concentration in a solution?

  • Higher solute concentration means lower water concentration.
  • Lower solute concentration means higher water concentration.
  • It's the proportion of water to solutes that determines concentration, not the volume of water.
• If one beaker has one solute particle and another has three, which beaker has a higher concentration of solutes?

  The beaker with three solute particles has a higher concentration of solutes.
• What happens to water concentration when solute particles are added to a beaker of water?

  The water concentration decreases as solute particles are added.
• How does osmosis apply to cells?

  • Water moves from an area of higher water concentration (outside the cell) to an area of lower water concentration (inside the cell).
  • This movement occurs across a partially permeable membrane.
  • The concentration gradient drives the diffusion of water into the cell.
• What is the role of the cell's partially permeable membrane in osmosis?

  The partially permeable membrane allows water to diffuse while restricting the movement of solute particles.
• In the example given, what is the water concentration comparison between the inside and outside of the cell?

  The outside of the cell has a higher water concentration than the inside of the cell.
• What is the direction of water movement during osmosis in the given example?

  Water particles will diffuse from the outside of the cell into the cell.
• When plant cells are placed in a concentrated sugar solution (hypertonic solution), they lose water due to osmosis until their volume decreases.