ENergy security

• What are the key components of energy security?

  • Availability: uninterrupted energy supply
  • Accessibility: energy must be reachable
  • Affordability: competitively priced energy
  • Reliability: uninterrupted energy supply
• Why is energy security important for a country?

  Energy is vital for the functioning of a country, powering transport, lighting settlements, and more.
• How is energy consumption measured?

  In per capita terms, as kilogrammes of oil equivalent or megawatt hours per person.
• What does energy intensity measure?

  It measures the units of energy used per unit GDP.
• How does energy intensity relate to economic development?

  Energy intensity values generally decrease with economic development.
• What is the energy mix?


  • The combination of different energy sources used to meet total energy consumption.
  • Varies from country to country.
  • Includes distinctions between:
  • Domestic and foreign sources
  • Primary and secondary sources
• What are primary energy sources?

  Energy sources found in nature, not converted or transformed.
• What are secondary energy sources?

  Energy sources derived from the transformation of primary sources, usually more convenient.
• What was the total energy consumption in 1820?

  20 exajoules, mainly from biofuels.
• How did energy consumption change from 1900 to 1980?

  It increased from 50 exajoules in 1900 to 330 exajoules in 1980.
• What was the energy consumption in 2010?

  540 exajoules.
• What types of energy sources were present in the 2010 energy mix?

  Biofuels, coal, oil, natural gas, hydro, and nuclear.