Gender bias

• What is gender bias?

  The tendency to treat one individual or group in a different way from others
• What is androcentrism?

  Male centered view of the world; when 'normal' behaviour is judged according to a male standard
• What is alpha bias?

  Theories that suggests there are differences between males and females - may enhance or undervalue females
• What is beta bias?

  Theories that ignores or minimise differences between the sexes
• What is universality?

  Any underlying characteristics of human beings that is capable of being applied to all, despite differences of experience and upbringing
• Gender bias threatens the universality of findings
• Who suggested alpha bias and gender bias as two types of gender bias?

  Hare-Mustin and Maracek
• What two types of gender bias did Hare-Mustin and Maracek suggest there were?

  Alpha bias and beta bias
• What is alpha bias more likely then not to do to females?

  Devalue
• When does beta bias often occur?

  When female participants are not included in research and it is assumed findings apply equally to both sexes
• What biopsychology concept is an example of beta bias?

  Fight or flight
• How is fight or flight beta biased?

  Early research based on males
• How is psychological research beta biased?

  No attempt to analyse data to see sex differences
• In androcentrism male behaviour is judged to be the norm and female behaviour is judged to be abnormal
• Androcentrism is a male-centred view of the world