cultural bias

    Cards (21)

    • What is Ethnocentrism?
      it’s the belief in the superiority of one's own cultural group.
    • How does cultural bias affect the study of human behavior?
      It leads to assumptions based on the norms of a dominant culture, often misrepresenting other cultures.
    • What does the acronym WEIRD stand for in psychological research?
      Westernized, Educated, Industrialized, Rich Democracies
    • What percentage of research participants in psychology studies come from the United States according to Joseph Hervich et al (201a)?
      68%
    • What is the implication of having a strong cultural bias in psychological research?
      It suggests that findings may not be applicable to non-WEIRD populations.
    • How does ethnocentrism manifest in psychological research?
      It leads researchers to view behaviors from their own cultural perspective, often labeling others as abnormal.
    • What was the criticism of Mary Ainsworth and Silvia Bell's Strange Situation study?
      It reflected only the norms and values of Western culture.
    • What did Takahashi (1986) find regarding Japanese infants in the context of attachment?
      Japanese infants were more likely to be classified as insecurely attached due to their distress on separation.
    • What is the difference between etic and emic approaches in psychology?
      An etic approach looks at behavior from outside a culture, while an emic approach studies behavior from within a culture.
    • How can imposed etics affect the understanding of attachment types?
      They can lead to misinterpretations of attachment behaviors across different cultures.
    • What does John Berry argue regarding imposed etics in psychology?
      He argues that psychology often assumes theories and concepts are universal when they are based on emic research from a single culture.
    • Why is cultural relativism important in psychological research?
      It helps researchers recognize that findings may only be applicable within the cultural context they were discovered.
    • What limitation is associated with cultural bias in intelligence testing according to Richard Brislin (1976)?
      It assumes that intelligence tests are universally applicable across different cultures.
    • How do individualist and collectivist cultures differ in their approach to behavior?
      Individualist cultures emphasize personal achievement, while collectivist cultures prioritize group harmony.
    • What is one strength of incorporating cultural perspectives in psychological research?
      It provides a more comprehensive understanding of human behavior across different contexts.
    • What is one limitation of ethnocentric intelligence testing as mentioned in the study material?
      It assumes that intelligence is measured the same way across different cultural groups.
    • How can cultural bias in definitions of abnormality affect psychological assessments?
      It can lead to misdiagnosis of individuals from different cultural backgrounds.
    • What is the relationship between cultural bias and the understanding of human behavior?
      Cultural bias can distort the understanding of human behavior by imposing one culture's norms on others.
    • What is the significance of recognizing cultural relativism in psychological research?
      It helps avoid cultural bias and promotes a more accurate understanding of diverse behaviors.
    • What are the implications of cultural bias in psychological research?
      • Misinterpretation of behaviors from non-WEIRD cultures
      • Overgeneralization of findings based on WEIRD populations
      • Potential for labeling non-Western behaviors as abnormal
    • What are the strengths and weaknesses of using etic and emic approaches in psychology?
      Strengths:
      • Etic: Provides a broad perspective on human behavior
      • Emic: Offers insights specific to cultural contexts

      Weaknesses:
      • Etic: May overlook cultural nuances
      • Emic: Can lead to overgeneralization within a culture