Treatment of Minorities in Nazi Germany

• Who were subject to persecution and intimidation under Nazi criteria for Volksgenossen?

  Asocials and biological outsiders, including Jews and gypsies
• What types of individuals were classified as Asocials by the Nazis?

  Criminals, beggars, gays, alcoholics, and lesbians
• How many beggars and tramps were rounded up in September 1933?


  300,000 - 500,000
• What law facilitated the rounding up of beggars and tramps in 1933?

  The Law Against Dangerous Habitual Criminals
• What happened to the individuals rounded up under the Law Against Dangerous Habitual Criminals?


  They were sent to concentration camps
• How many individuals were incarcerated in the 1938 round-up?

  10,000
• What was established by the Reich Central Agency for the Struggle Against Juvenile Delinquency in 1939?


  Sterilization camps for those deemed not ideal
• How many people were sterilized between 1934 and 1945 under the compulsory sterilization law?


  Around 300,000
• What did the Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring require?

  Compulsory sterilization of those suffering from specific hereditary illnesses
• By 1939, how many sterilizations had taken place?


  Around 350,000
• How many deaf people were sterilized by 1939?

  17,000
• What was the Euthanasia program initiated in 1939?


  A program that resulted in the killing of more than 5,000 children by injection or starvation
• What organization was responsible for the elimination of "defectives" during the Euthanasia program?

  T4
• How many people were killed by gassing by 1941?

  More than 72,000
• What was the secret program known as 14F13 responsible for?


  The gassing of 30,000 to 50,000 individuals in concentration camps between 1941 and 1943
• What happened to the bodies of those who were gassed?


  They were cremated
• What was done to death certificates of those who were gassed?

  They were faked
• Who resisted the euthanasia program by turning down the post of “Head of Children’s Euthanasia”?


  Friedrich Hölzel
• What did Bishop Clemens von Galen do regarding euthanasia?

  He denounced euthanasia
• What happened to gypsies starting from December 1938?


  They were registered and deported to Polish work camps in 1940
• Where were gypsies transferred in 1942, and what occurred there?

  They were transferred to Auschwitz, where medical experiments were conducted by Dr. Josef Mengele
• How many gypsies were sent to Auschwitz, and how many were murdered?

  20,000 sent, more than 10,000 murdered
• How many Jews were in Germany before the Holocaust?

  500,000
• What was the significance of the one-day boycott of Jewish businesses in March 1933?

  It marked the beginning of anti-Jewish measures in Nazi Germany
• What did the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 do?

  Banned marriage between Jews and Germans and deprived Jews of German citizenship
• What restrictions were placed on Jews by 1938?

  They could not hold or sell property worth more than 5000 Marks and were barred from professions like medicine and law
• What occurred during Reichkristallnacht on November 9-10, 1938?


  Attacks on the Jewish population, resulting in injuries and deaths
• How many Jews were injured and how many were murdered during Reichkristallnacht?

  Hundreds injured, 91 murdered
• How many Jews were sent to concentration camps during Reichkristallnacht?

  20,000
• What trend occurred regarding Jewish immigration between 1934 and 1939?

  More Jews began immigrating
• What happened when Poland was invaded in 1939 regarding the Jewish population?

  3 million Jews were added to the German Empire
• What restrictions were placed on Jews in ghettos?


  They were forbidden to change residence, subject to curfew, and had to wear a yellow star
• What was the Madagascar plan, and what happened to it?

  It was a plan to relocate Jews that was abandoned, leading to starvation and mass shootings
• What was the outcome of the Wannsee Conference in January 1942?

  It led to the implementation of the "Final Solution" to gas Jews in extermination camps
• How many Jews died in the Holocaust?

  More than 6 million
• What happened towards the end of the war regarding mass exterminations?

  Mass exterminations were set up in concentration camps
• How many Roma were killed during the Holocaust?

  More than 900,000
• How many homosexuals were sent to concentration camps?

  15,000
• How many members of Jehovah’s Witness were killed during the Holocaust?

  2,000
• What organization was founded in 1933 that affected German workers?

  The German Labour Front