endocrine system

• What system allows different parts of the body to communicate with each other?

  The endocrine system
• How does the endocrine system differ from the nervous system?

  The endocrine system relies on hormones, while the nervous system relies on electrical impulses
• What are the main components of the endocrine system?

  • Series of glands throughout the body
  • Secretion of hormones
  • Hormones act as signals to trigger changes in cells
• What are hormones?


  Small chemical molecules that are passed into the blood
• What is the role of receptors in the endocrine system?


  Receptors on certain tissues allow hormones to trigger changes inside the cells
• What are the main glands in the endocrine system and their functions?

  1. Pituitary gland: Master gland, produces various hormones
  2. Thyroid gland: Produces thyroxine, regulates metabolism and growth
  3. Adrenal glands: Produce adrenaline, involved in fight-or-flight response
  4. Pancreas: Produces insulin, regulates blood glucose concentrations
  5. Testes: Produce testosterone, controls puberty and sperm production
  6. Ovaries: Produce estrogen, influences puberty and menstrual cycle
• What is the function of the pituitary gland?


  It produces multiple hormones that tell the body what to do and stimulate other glands
• What hormone does the thyroid gland produce and what does it regulate?

  The thyroid gland produces thyroxine, which regulates metabolism and growth
• What is the role of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?

  TSH stimulates the thyroid to produce more thyroxine when levels are low
• What is the process called when thyroxine levels are regulated by TSH?

  Negative feedback
• What hormone is produced by the adrenal glands?


  Adrenaline
• When is adrenaline typically released?

  During the fight-or-flight response when startled or scared
• What hormone does the pancreas produce?

  Insulin
• What is the function of insulin?

  It helps regulate blood glucose concentrations
• What are the main functions of the testes?


  Producing testosterone and male gametes (sperm)
• What hormone do the ovaries produce and what are its roles?

  The ovaries produce estrogen, which influences puberty and the menstrual cycle
• How do hormones spread through the body compared to nerve impulses?

  Hormones spread more slowly and have longer-lasting effects than nerve impulses
• Why are nerve impulses described as precise?

  Because they are sent to one specific area, such as a muscle
• What is the primary difference in the speed of action between hormones and nerve impulses?

  Nerve impulses are sent very fast, while hormones spread more slowly
• What is the duration of effects for nerve impulses compared to hormones?

  Nerve impulses have short-lasting effects, often less than a second
• How do the effects of hormones differ from those of nerve impulses?

  Hormones interact with many different cells, while nerve impulses target specific areas