CD and Basic Concepts in CD

• Stages of Infection: IPACR

  Nonspecific signs and symptoms e.g. fever, diarrhea, cough etc

  Prodromal period
• Stages of Infection: IPACR

  Recovery with symptoms

  Convalescence Period
• Chain of Infection

  The pathogen, or microorganism, that causes disease

  (1) Infectious agent
• Chain of Infection

  The host or inanimate object in which the infectious agent normally lives and multiplies

  (2) Reservoir
• Stages of Infection: IPACR

  Healthy; NO symptoms

  Resolution Period
• Chain of Infection

  The way in which the infectious agent leaves the reservoir

  Portal of Exit
• Chain of Infection

  The way in which the infectious agent is transferred from the reservoir to a susceptible host

  (4) Mode of Transmission
• Chain of Infection

  The way in which the infectious agent enters a susceptible host

  (5) Portal of Entry
• Chain of Infection

  A person who is not immune to the infectious agent and can therefore become infected

  (6) Susceptible Host
• communicable disease that is easily transmitted; direct exposure

  Contagious Disease
• TB after [...] weeks of treatment = NOT contagious

  2 weeks
• Leprosy after [...] week of treatment = NOT contagious

  1 week
• presence of microorganism inside the body

  Infection
• separation of infected individual during period of communicability; until not contagious anymore

  Isolation
• Stages of Infection

  “IPACR”

  Incubation Period

  Prodromal Stage

  Acute Stage

  Convalescence Period

  Resolution phase
• Stages of Infection: IPACR

  Entry of organism until first signs and symptoms appear

  Incubation Period
• Stages of Infection: IPACR

  s/sx: Asymptomatic

  Incubation Period
• Stages of Infection: IPACRIncubation Period

  e.g. COVID-19: ___ days

  2-14
• Stages of Infection: IPACRProdromal Period

  [...] signs and symptoms e.g. fever, diarrhea, cough etc

  Nonspecific
• Stages of Infection: IPACR

  “Alam mo na may sakit siya pero hindi mo alam ang sakit" e.g. flu-like s/sx, rashes

  Prodromal Period
• Stages of Infection: IPACRNOTE: 5th diseases or (____) is ONLY contagious during prodromal period

  Parvovirus B19
• Stages of Infection: IPACREntry of organism until first signs and symptoms appear

  Incubation Period