Couples

• What are the types of couples mentioned in the study material?

  Same-sex couples, cohabiting couples, elderly couples, young couples, married couples, unmarried couples, long-distance couples, and mixed-race couples.
• What does the term "LATC" stand for?

  Living Apart Together Couple
• What is meant by "patriarchy" in the context of family structure?

  Male domination, where the father rules the family.
• What is meant by "matriarchy"?

  Female domination in family structure.
• What does "symmetrical" refer to in conjugal roles?

  Equal and joint conjugal roles between partners.
• What happened to a woman's property upon marriage in the Victorian era?

  A woman's property became her husband's property.
• What were the divorce laws regarding men and women in the Victorian era?

  A man could gain a divorce on the grounds of his wife's adultery, while a woman had to prove her husband's cruelty or another matrimonial offense.
• How do property laws reflect the gender dynamics of the Victorian family?


  Property laws favored men, as a woman's property became her husband's upon marriage.
• What implications did the divorce laws have on gender equality in the Victorian era?

  Divorce laws reinforced gender inequality, as women faced stricter requirements to obtain a divorce compared to men.
• What are conjugal roles?

  Roles played by husband and wife (each partner)
• What are segregated conjugal roles?

  Where the husband is the breadwinner and the wife is the homemaker (leisure time spent apart)
• What are joint conjugal roles?

  Husband and wife both perform roles and spend their leisure time together
• What do Pahl and Vogler believe about financial decisions in pooling arrangements?

  Men usually make the major financial decision.
• What is pooling in the context of financial arrangements between partners?

  Both partners having access to income and having joint responsibility.
• What is the material explanation of domestic abuse?

  It is caused by social inequality and is more prevalent in low-income, overcrowded homes.
• According to Dobash and Dobash, what is the view of men in patriarchal societies regarding their wives?

  Men have the right to discipline their wives.
• What does Edgell believe about women's economic dependence?

  Women are usually economically dependent on men, who are more likely to make decisions.
• What are the two types of conjugal roles identified by Bott?

  Segregated conjugal roles and joint conjugal roles.
• What does Parsons believe about segregated and joint conjugal roles?

  They are necessary for a functioning society.
• What is Oakley's view on the equality in society as presented by Young and Wilmott?

  Young and Wilmott exaggerated equality, and women now have a dual burden.
• What does Kempson believe about women in low-income families?

  Women are often likely to sacrifice their own needs.
• What do Millet and Firestone argue about patriarchy's effect on the family?

  Patriarchy gives fathers economic power and authority, preparing children for gendered roles.
• What is the radical feminist view on gender inequality?

  Patriarchy is the root cause of gender inequality, and they seek to restructure society.
• What is the allowance system in financial management within families?

  Men give their wives an allowance to budget family needs while retaining surplus money for themselves.
• What did Kan find in his research regarding women's earnings and housework?

  For every £10,000 a woman earns, she does two hours less housework.
• What does Smart believe about same-sex couples and their relationships?

  They have greater freedom to define their relationships without traditional stereotypes.
• What do Young and Wilmott believe about family roles?

  Families are more symmetrical as men and women perform similar roles through the march of progress.
• What did Dunne find in her research on lesbian couples?

  There was more symmetry and egalitarianism due to the absence of traditional gender scripts.