Emergence of Psychology

• Emergence of Psychology (1)

  17th-19th century - Philosophical psychology. It is known as experimental philosophy

  Wundt (1879) - Opened the first psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany and psychology emerged as a distinct discipline in its own right

  Psychodynamic (1900s) - Freud emphasises the influence of the unconscious mind. He also developed psychoanalysis and shows that physical problems can be explained in terms of conflict within the mind

  Behaviourism (1900s) - Pavlov, Watson & Skinner. The psychodynamic and behaviourist approaches dominate psychology for the first half of the 20th century
• Emergence of Psychology (2)

  Humanistic (1950s) - Rogers & Maslow. Called the 'third force' in psychology. They emphasise the importance of self-determination and free will

  Cognitive (1950s) - The introduction of the computer gives psychologists a metaphor for the operations of the human mind. This approach reintroduces the study of mental processes to psychology but in a scientific way

  SLT (1960s) - Bandura proposed this approach and drew attention to the role of cognitive factors in learning, providing a bridge between the newly established cognitive approach and behaviourism
• Emergence of Psychology (3)

  Biological (1980s) - Biological is establishing itself as the dominant scientific perspective in psychology due to the advances in technology that have increased understanding of the brain and biological processes

  Cognitive Neuroscience (21st century) - Combining cognitive and biological approaches. This approach investigates how biological structures influence mental states.