Physics spec

    Cards (284)

    • What is the difference between a scalar and a vector quantity? Scalar is just a magnitude, vector is magnitude and direction.
    • List 3 quantities that are scalars.: Time, temperature, distance, speed, energy.
    • List 3 quantities that are vectors.: Force, velocity, displacement, acceleration.
    • What is the difference between speed and velocity? Velocity has a direction, speed has no direction.
    • What is the equation that includes speed, distance and time? Speed=distance/time
    • What does the gradient of a distance time graph represent? speed
    • What does a flat horizontal line on a distance-time graph represent? Stationary
    • What does a curve on a distance-time graph represent? Acceleration
    • What is the equation that includes acceleration, change in velocity and time? a=v-u/t
    • What does the gradient of a velocity-time graph represent? Acceleration
    • What does the area underneath velocity-time graph represent?
      displacement
    • How can you use light gates to measure the speed of an object?
    • What is a typical walking speed?
      1.5 m/s
    • What is a typical running speed?
      5 m/s
    • What is a typical cycling speed?
      7 m/s
    • What is the acceleration of an object in free fall? What is the symbol for it in equations? g=10 m/s²
    • What is Newton's first law? An object remain at rest or travelling at a constant speed unless acted upon by an external force.
    • What is Newton's second law?
      F=ma
    • What is the equation for weight?
      W=mg
    • Why do you weigh more on Jupiter than on Earth? Jupiter has a larger gravitational field strength.
    • What is Newton's third law? If object A exerts a force on object B, object B will exert an equal and opposite force, of the same type, back on object A.
    • What is the momentum equation?
      p=mv
    • What is the equation that links change in momentum, time and force? F=Δp/t
    • How can you measure human reaction time? Dropping a ruler through someone's fingers and seeing how far it drops before they catch it.
    • What is a typical value for human reaction time? 0.2-0.9 s
    • What is the stopping distance equal to? Thinking distance + braking distance
    • What factors impact the thinking distance?
      Alcohol, tiredness, drugs.
    • What factors impact the braking distance? Weather conditions, quality of the brakes.
    • What is the gravitational potential energy equation?

      GPE=mgh
    • What is the kinetic energy equation?

      KE=1/2 mv²
    • What does conservation of energy mean? Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated, but it cannot be created or destroyed.
    • What are the energy transfers when a ball is thrown upwards? KE -> GPE
    • What are the energy transfers when a ball hits the ground? KE -> Thermal
    • What are the energy transfers when a car accelerates? Chemical -> KE
    • What are the energy transfers when a cyclist applies the brakes to slow down? KE -> Thermal
    • How is energy wasted when you ride a bike with rusty gears? Energy wasted into thermal
    • How can you reduce wasted energy when riding a bike with rusty gears? Use lubrication
    • How can you reduce wasted energy transfers when heating your house? Use thicker insulation. Insulation with a lower thermal conductivity.
    • How does thickness of insulation in a house effect the rate of cooling of the house? The thicker the insulation, the lower the rate of cooling.
    • How does the thermal conductivity of a house effect the rate of cooling of the house? The lower the thermal conductivity, the lower the rate of cooling.
    See similar decks