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Module 2
Biological molecules
Lipids
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Created by
Medina Ahmad
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Cards (13)
What are lipids primarily used for in the body?
Long-term energy storage
,
insulation
, and
protection
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What are the main types of lipids?
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
Steroids
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What are triglycerides composed of?
One glycerol molecule
and
three fatty acids
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How are triglycerides formed?
By
ester
bonds formed via
condensation
reactions
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What characterizes saturated fats?
No
double bonds
between
carbon atoms
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Why are saturated fats typically solid at room temperature?
Because they have
no double bonds
, allowing
tight packing
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What characterizes unsaturated fats?
One
or
more double bonds
in the
fatty acid chain
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How do double bonds in
unsaturated
fats affect their physical state at room temperature?
They create
kinks
, making them
liquid
at room temperature
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What is the structure of phospholipids?
Similar
to
triglycerides
but
one fatty acid
is replaced by a
phosphate group
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What role do phospholipids play in cell membranes?
They form a
bilayer
with
hydrophobic tails
facing
inward
and
hydrophilic heads
facing
outward
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What is the structure of steroids?
They have a
ring
structure
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What is the importance of cholesterol in the body?
It stabilizes cell membranes and serves as a precursor for steroid hormones
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What are the functions of triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol?
Triglycerides
: Long-term energy
storage
, insulation, and protection of organs
Phospholipids
: Form the cell membrane,
providing
a barrier and fluidity
Cholesterol
: Stabilizes cell membranes and serves as a
precursor
for steroid hormones
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