self-report techniques

• • Closed questions and open questions 

  closed= questions with a predetermined range of answer from which the respondent picks one 

  Open is questions the invite respondents to choose their own answers  
• Questionnaires

  • A set of written questions to collect info- always pre determined
• what is a filler q?

  Filler questions =irrelevant questions to distract them from the real purpose of survey
• Other things to consider 

  • Sequence for the questions 
  • Sampling technique 
  • Conducting a pilot study
  • Clarity of questions
• what is a leading q?

  • a question prompting the respondent to give a particular answer
• diff between structured and unstructured
• Unstructured interview 

  Begin will general aims and maybe a few questions but new

  questions develop through course of interview

  • strengths
  • most useful in qualitative research to analyze attitudes and values, lots of depth develop a real sense of a person’s understanding of a situation.
  • validity - can ask for clarification throughout
  • disadvantages
  • less replicable and reliable
  • time consuming
• Problems with interviews/elf report are interviewer bias and social desirability bias

  • info only useful if they are willing to disclose it and give truthful responses
• interviewers need to work on their non verbal communication and listening skills
• strengths of self report

  Participants can be asked about their feelings and cognitions (i.e. thoughts), which can be more useful than simply observing behaviour alone.
• what are self report techniques

   describe methods of gathering data where participants provide information about themselves without interference from the experimenter.
• structured interview


  Interviews schedules have a standardized format, meaning the same pre-determined questions are asked to each interviewee in the same order 

  advantages

  •  quick to conduct This means a large sample can be obtained, resulting in the findings being representative
  • easy to test for reliability and replicability

  disadvantages

  • minimised detail
  • only quantitive data and closed questions, no insight into why