Fetal Circulation

• Umbilical Cord: 2 arteries, 1 vein (AVA: artery-vein-artery)
• Arteries 


  carry deoxygenated blood and waste products.
• Vein - carry oxygenated blood and nutrients.
• Fetal heart rate: 120 -160 bpm
• Ductus arteriosus connects pulmonary artery to the aorta; bypasses the lungs.
• Ductus venous connects the umbilical vein and inferior vena cava; bypasses the liver.
• Foramen ovale is an opening between right and left atria of heart; bypasses the lungs.