aerobic & anaerobic

• What is the primary source of energy for most living organisms?

  Molecules of glucose
• What is cellular respiration described as?

  An exothermic reaction that transfers energy from glucose
• What does cellular respiration involve?

  Breaking apart glucose molecules to release energy
• What does the term "exothermic" mean in the context of respiration?

  It means the reaction releases energy
• What are three examples of how organisms use energy?

  • Building larger molecules from smaller ones (e.g., proteins from amino acids)
  • Muscular contraction for movement
  • Maintaining body temperature
• What is metabolism?

  All the chemical processes that occur within a living organism to maintain life
• What are the two types of respiration?

  • Aerobic respiration
  • Anaerobic respiration
• When does aerobic respiration occur?

  Whenever there is enough oxygen available
• Why is aerobic respiration considered the most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose?


  Because it occurs in the presence of oxygen
• Where does aerobic respiration take place in cells?


  In the mitochondria
• What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

  Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water
• How does the chemical equation for aerobic respiration relate to photosynthesis?

  It is the exact opposite of the photosynthesis equation
• What is anaerobic respiration?

  Respiration that occurs without oxygen
• When do humans typically rely on anaerobic respiration?

  When sprinting and unable to get enough oxygen
• What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans?

  Glucose → Lactic Acid
• What are the two main reasons why anaerobic respiration is less preferred?

  Incomplete breakdown of glucose and lactic acid buildup
• What is the product of anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast?

  Ethanol and Carbon Dioxide
• What is fermentation in the context of yeast?

  A process where glucose is converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide
• How is fermentation utilized in industry?

  • Yeast is added to bread to produce carbon dioxide, making it light and fluffy
  • Yeast is used to produce ethanol for beer and wine