Like plants, animals can reproduce in two ways either asexual or sexual.
Reproduction is a cellular process by which an organism produces others of the same kind. It has something to do with cell division.
CELLCYCLE is a continuous cell growth and division. It is composed of many repetitions of cellular growth and reproduction and generally divided into two major phases: interphase
Mitotic phase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
mitosis.
The INTERPHASE has
and
three phases: G1, S, and G2. Cells of the body that no longer divide are always in interphase. It is the period of growth and development.
The MITOTIC PHASE has four phases: prophase,metaphase,anaphase, and telophase.
Mitosis is the process in
which a new cell nucleus divides into two new nuclei. Each nuclei has the same number of chromosomes (structures in the nucleus that contain DNA - Deoxyribo-nucleic acid) as the parent cell. Mitosis is responsible for the growth, replacement of worn-out cells and repair.
G1
The cell synthesizes its structural proteins and enzymes. Example: pancreas-insulin
Sphase
DNA within the nucleus replicates, 2 DNA molecules form in each chromosome.
G2
Cell prepares to divide, spindle fibers form
Prophase
Formation of visible threads of chromosomes, with each strand called chromatid, chromatids become visible in pairs, nuclear membrane disappears and spindle fibers form and chromatids attach to it.
Metaphase
The chromosomes move and align themselves along the equatorial plane, DNA has duplicated and the chromatids become completely separated.
Anaphase
The chromosomes, each attached to a spindle fiber move towards the opposite poles of the cell.
Telophase
The chromosomes finally arrived at the opposite poles of the cell, begin to fade as chromatin are formed again, spindle fibers disappear; nuclei reappear and the nuclear membrane is reformed around its membrane.
CYTOKINESIS is the division of the cytoplasm to form two separate cells. In animal cell, cytokinesis begins with the formation of a furrow at the center of the cell, deepens until the two halves of the cells separates in a process called cell cleavage.
UNCONTROLLED CELL DIVISION: THE ROAD TO CANCER
CELLULAR SENESCENCE AND AGING: A COMPLEX RELATIONSHIP