Biologie GCSE

• What is the site of aerobic respiration in a cell?

  Nucleus
• What is the function of the cell membrane?

  It regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
• What is produced during aerobic respiration?

  ATP
• What process do plants use to produce glucose?

  Photosynthesis
• What is the role of root hairs in plants?

  They absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
• What is the variable that affects osmosis in cells?

  Concentration of salt solution
• Why is it important to remove excess water from the potato before measuring its mass?

  To ensure only the potato mass is measured.
• How do you calculate the percentage change in mass of a potato?


  Percentage change = \(\frac{{\text{final mass} - \text{initial mass}}}{{\text{initial mass}}} \times 100\)
• What is the formula to calculate percentage change in mass?


  Percentage change = \(\frac{{\text{final value} - \text{initial value}}}{{\text{initial value}}} \times 100\)
• What is the significance of plotting a graph with a correct scale and labeled axes?

  It allows for accurate interpretation of data.
• What does a curved line of best fit indicate in a graph?

  It shows a non-linear relationship between the variables.
• How does water move out of potato cells?

  By osmosis
• Why does water move out of potato cells during osmosis?

  Because the solution in the cells is less concentrated than outside.
• What is the role of the cell wall in plant cells?

  It provides structure and support.
• What is a common plant disease caused by a fungus?

  Rose black spot
• How do you calculate the heart rate from a given time period?

  Heart rate = \(\frac{{\text{number of beats}}}{{\text{time in minutes}}}\)
• What is the function of biuret reagent?

  It tests for the presence of proteins.
• What is the process of differentiation in biology?

  It is the process by which cells become specialized for specific functions.
• What happens during the cell cycle before cell division?

  The genetic material is replicated.
• What are the consequences of less absorption of water in plants?

  It leads to lower rates of photosynthesis and less glucose production.
• What is the role of the xylem in plants?

  It transports water and nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plant.
• What is the role of the phloem in plants?

  It transports sugars produced by photosynthesis to other parts of the plant.
• What is the function of the large vacuole in plant cells?

  It stores nutrients and helps maintain turgor pressure.
• How does the thick, waxy layer on leaf surfaces help plants?

  It reduces water loss.
• Why do some plants have poisonous berries?

  To deter predators from eating them.
• What is the significance of the cell membrane during cell division?

  It divides to form two new cells.
• What happens to chromosomes during cell division?

  They are replicated and then pulled apart into two new cells.
• What is the end result of cell division?

  Two identical daughter cells.
• What is the difference between differentiation and specialization?

  Differentiation is the process of becoming specialized.
• What are the key steps in the process of cell division?

  • Genetic material is replicated.
  • Chromosomes are pulled apart.
  • Cytoplasm divides into two cells.
  • Each new cell has identical genetic material.
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of meat-free burgers compared to meat burgers?

  Advantages:

  • Higher in fiber
  • Lower in fat
  • No ethical concerns regarding animal farming

  
  

  Disadvantages:

  • Lower in protein
  • May not appeal to all consumers
• What are the effects of water and nutrient absorption on plant growth?

  • Less water leads to lower photosynthesis rates.
  • Fewer nutrients result in stunted growth.
  • Damage to xylem affects water transport.
  • Damage to phloem affects sugar transport.
• What is the consequence of less absorption of water in plants?

  It leads to a lower rate of photosynthesis.
• How does less water absorption affect glucose production?

  Less water results in less glucose produced for respiration and energy release.
• What is the impact of reduced glucose on plant structure?

  It results in less cellulose produced, leading to fewer cell walls and cells made.
• How does less glucose affect protein production in plants?


  It leads to fewer amino acids produced for making new proteins.
• What happens to plant cells when they lose turgidity?

  Cells lose their firmness and structure.
• What is the effect of less absorption of ions or minerals in plants?

  It results in fewer nitrates and fewer proteins made for growth.
• How does a deficiency of magnesium ions affect plants?

  It leads to less chlorophyll produced, resulting in a lower rate of photosynthesis.
• What is the consequence of damage to the phloem in plants?

  It results in less transport of sugars to root cells for respiration and energy release.