Atomic structure

• What is the charge of a proton?

  Charge = +1
• What is the mass of a proton?

  Mass = 1
• Where is the location of a proton?


  Location = In the nucleus
• What is the charge of an electron?

  Charge = -1
• What is the mass of an electron?

  Mass = Very small
• Where is the location of an electron?

  Location = In the shells
• What is the charge of a neutron?

  Charge = 0
• What is the mass of a neutron?

  Mass = 1
• Where is the location of a neutron?

  Location = In the nucleus
• What is the typical radius of an atom?

  Radius = $1 \times 10^{-10} \text{ m}$
• How many times smaller is the size of the nucleus compared to the size of the atom as a whole?

  10,000 times smaller
• What does the term atomic number refer to?

  Number of protons in an atom
• What does the term mass number refer to?

  Number of protons and neutrons in an atom
• What is an isotope?

  Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons
• Describe the plum pudding model of atomic structure.

  A ball of positive charge with negative electrons randomly spread through the atom
• Why are atoms overall neutral?

  Atoms contain the same number of protons (positive) and electrons (negative)
• What are the key components of atomic structure?

  • Protons: Charge = +1, Mass = 1, Location = In the nucleus
  • Electrons: Charge = -1, Mass = Very small, Location = In the shells
  • Neutrons: Charge = 0, Mass = 1, Location = In the nucleus
• What are the definitions of atomic number, mass number, and isotopes?

  • Atomic Number: Number of protons in an atom
  • Mass Number: Number of protons and neutrons in an atom
  • Isotope: Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons