Lea1

• What does law refer to in the context of law enforcement?

  Any rule of conduct, just and obligatory, laid down by a competent authority for the common good and public welfare
• What does enforcement mean in the context of law?

  The act of compelling observance of or compliance with a law, rule, or obligation
• What are some activities conducted by law enforcement?

  Arrest, search, seizures, and criminal investigation
• What are the different law enforcement activities?

  • Prevention of crime
  • Apprehension of offenders
  • Conduct search and seizure
  • Investigation of crime
  • Protection of lives and property
• What is the definition of an arrest?

  The taking of a person into custody to answer for the commission of an offense
• What is a warrant of arrest?

  An order in writing issued in the name of the People of the Philippines, signed by a judge, commanding a peace officer to arrest a person
• What are the requisites of a valid warrant of arrest?

  It should be issued upon probable cause, determined personally by the judge, and particularly describe the person to be arrested
• What are the instances of warrantless arrest?

  • In flagrante delicto
  • Hot pursuit
  • Prisoner's arrest
• What rights do police officers have when conducting arrests?

  • Right to summon assistance
  • Right to break into a building
  • Right to break out from a building
• What rights do arrested persons have?

  Rights against torture, force, intimidation, and the right to confer privately with a lawyer
• What are some crimes that may be committed by a police officer while conducting arrests?

  1. Delay in the delivery of arrested persons to the proper judicial authority
  2. Unlawful arrest
  3. Expulsion
• What is the time limit for delivering arrested persons for crimes punishable by light penalties?

  12 hours
• What is the time limit for delivering arrested persons for crimes punishable by correctional penalties?

  18 hours
• What is the time limit for delivering arrested persons for crimes punishable by afflictive or capital penalties?

  36 hours
• What constitutes unlawful arrest?

  Arresting or detaining another person without legal authorization
• What is expulsion in the context of law enforcement?

  It is committed by a public officer who expels a person from the Philippines without legal authority
• What is a search warrant?

  An order in writing issued to search for personal property described therein
• What are the requisites of a valid search warrant?


  It must be issued upon probable cause, determined by the judge, and particularly describe the things and place to be searched
• What are the types of warrantless search and seizure?

  • Consented search
  • Search incidental to lawful arrest
  • Plainview search
  • Search of moving vehicle (checkpoint)
  • Stop and frisk
  • Emergency and exigent circumstances
  • Tipped information
  • Customs search
• What crimes may be committed by a policeman while conducting a search?

  1. Violation of domicile
  2. Search warrant maliciously obtained
  3. Searching domicile without witnesses
• What is violation of domicile?

  Entering a dwelling without authorization and searching without consent
• What is a search warrant maliciously obtained?

  Obtaining a search warrant without just cause
• What does searching domicile without witnesses entail?

  Searching a domicile without the presence of the owner or witnesses when armed with a search warrant
• What is the definition of an organization in the context of law enforcement?

  A consciously coordinated social entity with identifiable boundaries that functions continuously to achieve common goals
• What are the characteristics of an organization?

  Structure, activity, and purpose
• What is a police organization?

  A group of trained personnel in public safety administration engaged in maintaining peace and order
• What is administration in the context of law enforcement?

  An organizational process concerned with implementing objectives and maintaining internal order
• What is police administration?

  The process ensuring compliance with laws and managing law enforcement agencies effectively
• What are the goals and objectives of a police organization?

  • Goals: Broad statements of long-term purposes
  • Objectives: Specific short-term statements consistent with goals
• What are the functions in a police organization?

  • Primary or line functions: Major purpose and direct public service
  • Staff/administrative functions: Support line functions
  • Auxiliary functions: Logistical operations
• What are the organic units in a police organization?

  • Operational units: Perform primary functions (patrol, traffic, investigation)
  • Administrative units: Perform administrative functions (personnel, finance)
  • Service units: Perform auxiliary functions (communication, records management)
• What are the organizational terminologies in a police organization?

  • Bureau: Largest functional unit
  • Division: Primary subdivision of a bureau
  • Section: Functional unit within a division
  • Unit: Smallest functional group within an organization
• What are the territorial units in a police organization?

  • Post: Fixed point for officer duty
  • Route: Length of streets for patrol
  • Beat: Area assigned for patrol
  • Sector: Area containing multiple beats
  • District: Geographical subdivision for patrol
  • Area: Section of a large city with designated districts
• What is organizational structure in law enforcement?

  The systematic arrangement of relationships, positions, departments, and functions within the organization
• What are the kinds of organizational structure in law enforcement?

  1. Line: Clear chain of command
  2. Functional type: Structure according to functions
  3. Line and staff: Combination of line and functional types
• What is line personnel in a police organization?

  Personnel charged with the actual fulfillment of the agency’s mission
• What is staff personnel in a police organization?

  Personnel who offer advice based on expertise but do not give orders
• What is the Anglo-Saxon period of policing system?

  • Tun policing system: All male residents guard the town
  • Hue and cry: Method of apprehending criminals by calling residents
  • Trial by ordeal: Determining guilt through dangerous experiences
• What is the tun policing system?

  A system where all male residents were required to guard the town
• What is hue and cry in the context of policing?

  A method of apprehending a criminal by calling all male residents to assemble