Inorg Reactions

• Why is it better for pharmaceutical products to be made with complex ion compounds?

  Increased solubility leads to better absorption in the body.
• What are the types of chemical reactions mentioned in the study material?

  • Direct Union/Synthesis/Combination
  • Decomposition/Analysis
  • Single Replacement (Substitution)
  • Metathesis
  • Redox Reaction
  • Precipitation
  • Neutralization
  • Complexation
• What is the general formula for a direct union/synthesis/combination reaction?

  A + B → AB
• Provide an example of a direct union/synthesis reaction.


  $2H_2(g) +$$O_2(g) → 2H_2O(l)$
• What occurs during a decomposition/analysis reaction?


  A single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.
• What is the general formula for a decomposition reaction?

  AB → A + B
• Provide an example of a decomposition reaction.


  $2H_2O(l) → 2H_2(g) +$$O_2(g)$
• What does an arrow going to the right in a chemical equation indicate?

  It indicates that the reaction is irreversible.
• What is the general formula for a single replacement (substitution) reaction?


  A + BC → AC + B
• Provide an example of a single replacement reaction.


  $Zn(s) +$$2HCl(aq) → ZnCl_2(aq) +$$H_2(g)$
• What is the outcome when metals react with acids?

  They will always result in the formation of salt and release of gas.
• What does the reactivity series indicate?


  It ranks elements in order of their reactivity.
• What happens if a reacting element is lower in the reactivity series than the element in the compound?

  The reaction will not occur.
• Provide an example of a reaction involving the reactivity series.


  $Zn +$$CuSO_4 → ZnSO_4 +$$Cu$
• What is the general formula for a metathesis reaction?

  AB + CD → AD + CB
• Provide an example of a metathesis reaction.


  $NaCl(aq) +$$AgNO_3(aq) → NaNO_3(aq) +$$AgCl(s)$
• What are the two types of metathesis reactions?

  • Neutralization
  • Precipitation
• What is a redox reaction?


  It is a reaction where reactants undergo a change in their oxidation states.
• What does GEROA and LEORA stand for in redox reactions?

  GEROA stands for Gain Electrons Reduction Oxidizing Agent, and LEORA stands for Lose Electrons Oxidation Reducing Agent.
• What is an oxidizing agent?

  It is a substance that is getting reduced in a chemical reaction.
• What is a reducing agent?


  It is a substance that is getting oxidized in a chemical reaction.
• What are the types of redox reactions?

  • Combination Reaction
  • Decomposition Reaction
  • Displacement Reaction
• Provide an example of a combination reaction.


  $2Mg +$$O_2 → 2MgO$
• Provide an example of a decomposition reaction.


  $2KClO_3 → 2KCl +$$3O_2$
• Provide an example of a metal displacement reaction.


  $Fe +$$CuSO_4 → FeSO_4 +$$Cu$
• What are the two types of displacement reactions?

  • Metal Displacement
  • Non-metal Displacement
• What is a disproportionation reaction?

  It is a reaction where a single element in one oxidation state is simultaneously oxidized and reduced to form two different products.
• Provide an example of a disproportionation reaction.


  $2H_2O_2 → 2H_2O +$$O_2$
• What is a precipitation reaction?

  • A chemical reaction where two ions in aqueous solutions combine to form an insoluble salt known as a precipitate.
  • Example: $AgNO_3(aq) +$$NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) +$$NaNO_3(aq)$
• What are the properties of a precipitation reaction?


  • Reactants must be in aqueous solutions or an ionic state.
  • Occurs when ions from reactants in solution combine to form an insoluble product.
  • The product formed is a precipitate that is insoluble in water.
• What is neutralization in chemistry?


  It is a reaction between an acid and a base that produces water and salt.
• What is the general formula for a neutralization reaction?

  Acid + Base → Water + Salt
• Provide an example of a neutralization reaction.


  $HCl(aq) +$$NaOH(aq) → H_2O(l) +$$NaCl(aq)$
• What is complexation in chemistry?

  It is a chemical reaction where a metal ion bonds with a ligand.
• Provide an example of a complexation reaction.


  $Cu^{2+}(aq) +$$4NH_3(aq) ⇌ [Cu(NH_3)_4]^{2+}(aq)$
• What is a ligand?

  It is a molecule or ion with at least one unshared pair of electrons