IOC LEC LEGIT NA PRELIMS

• chemistry


  It is the study of matter - its composition, properties, and transformations.
• matter

  • Is anything that has mass and takes up volume. All everyday objects are made up of atoms which form matter.
• matter

  • Can be synthesized in laboratory or man made.
• naturally occuring matter


  Matter that is found naturally in nature.
• synthetic


  Matter that is man made (laboratory)
• Pure substance, mixture


  Matter can be broken down into two categories:
• elements, compounds, mixtures


  3 classification of matter
• pure substance


  A single kind of matter that cannot be broken down by any physical means.
• pure substance


  Has constant composition regardless of sample size and origin of sample,
• elements, compounds


  pure substance can be broken down into___ and ____
• elements


  A pure substance that contains only one type of atom which has the same number of protons in their nuclei.
• compounds


  A pure substance that is formed by chemically bonding/combining two or more elements/atoms.
• compounds


  Represented by a chemical formula
• mixture


  A classification of matter wherein two or more substances are physically combined.
• mixture


  The product of the combination of compounds without chemical change.
• mixture


  Can be separated by physical means
• homogeneous, heterogeneous


  mixtures can be broken down into___ and ___
• homogeneous


  A mixture where in its composition are uniformly distributed.
• solution


  a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances: it is because these substances completely are combined and uniformly distributed.
• homogeneous


  Things that aren’t easily distinguishable from each other like a mixture of baby powder and cornstarch are homogeneous.
• heterogeneous


  A mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture.
• inorganic compounds

  dissociate(separate) in solution, and form charged particles (ions).
• cation, anion


  types of ions
• cation

  positively charged ion
• anion


  negatively charged ion.
• ionic bonds

  one atom donates electrons to the other.
• covalent bonds


  atoms share electrons.
• acids


  Any substance that will increase the concentration of hydrogen ions when added into a solution.
• true

  (true or false) The strength of an acid depends on how well the hydrogen ion breaks apart and how much hydrogen is produced
• strong acid


  higher H+ ionds
• weak acid


  lower H+ ions
• bases


  Substances that will increase concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) when added into a solution.
• bases


  Opposite of Acids.
• strong base


  higher OH- ionds
• weak base


  lower OH- ions
• power of hydrogen


  what is pH acronym
• pH level


  Measures the concentration of Hydrogen ions.
• acidic

  higher h+ ions, lower pH level
• basic


  lower H+ ions, higher pH level
• salts


  A chemical compound formed from the reaction of an acid with a base.