Sexual Reproduction of flowering plants

• How do petals contribute to the reproductive process of flowering plants?

  They are colorful structures that attract pollinators
• What are the male parts of a flower called?

  Stamens
• What is the function of the anther in a flower?

  It produces pollen grains
• What role does the stigma play in the fertilization process?

  It is the sticky top part that receives pollen
• What is the function of the style in a flower?

  It is the tube connecting the stigma to the ovary
• What does the ovary of a flower contain?

  Ovules (potential seeds)
• What is pollination?

  It is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma
• What is the first step in the fertilization process of flowering plants?

  Pollen tube growth
• What is double fertilization in flowering plants?

  It involves one sperm cell fertilizing the egg cell to form the zygote and another sperm cell fusing with two polar nuclei to form the endosperm
• What does the zygote develop into?

  The embryo
• What is the role of the endosperm in seed development?

  It provides nutrition for the developing embryo
• What happens to the ovule after fertilization?

  It develops into a seed
• What is the seed coat and how is it formed?

  The seed coat is formed from the ovule's integuments and protects the embryo and endosperm inside
• What occurs during the maturation of a seed?

  The seed dehydrates and enters a dormant state
• How many cotyledons do monocots have?

  One cotyledon
• How many cotyledons do dicots have?

  Two cotyledons
• What are cotyledons in a seed?

  Seed leaf(s) that store or absorb food
• What will the embryonic stem (plumule) develop into?


  The shoot system
• What will the embryonic root (radicle) develop into?


  The plant's root system
• Female Reproductive organ

  Is called the carpel and consists on the stigma, style and ovary
• The embryo sac produces

  The egg cell and two polar nuclei
• The Ovule, Where is it?

  The ovule is in the ovary and is part of the female reproductive organ called the carpel
• What is inside the ovule

  The Mother cell which is diploid
• Nucellus 


  This is what most of the ovule is made up of, it provides nutrients to the developing embryo sac
• The walls of the ovule are called the...

  Integuments
• What process does the Diploid mothercell undergo first?

  The diploid mothercell undergoes meiosis to produce four haploid cells. Out of the cells produced three die off leaving only one.
• After the mothercell undergoes meiosis and produces 4 haploid cells, only one cell remains because the other ones die off. What is the name of this one remaining haploid cell?

  The embryo sac