Plant structures and their functions

Created by

Mia

Cards (53)

what is the role of plants as producers of food
plants carry out photosynthesis
this uses energy transferred by light
to produce glucose
which can be converted into other food substances
why is photosynthesis an endothermic reaction
because energy is being taken in
energy in the form of light is transferred to energy inn the form of chemical energy in sugars
why does a leaf covered in black paper make no food
because the black paper stops light reaching chlorophyll so the leaf cant use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar in photosynthesis
what is the word equation for photosynthesis
carbon dioxode+water->glucose+oxygen
what is biomass 
the mass of living material at a particular stage in the food chain
what is photosynthesis 
the process that plants use to make their own food
what are the 5 main uses of glucose in plants
cellular respiration-breaks down the glucose to release energy
make cellulose-used to make strong cell walls
make starch-used to store glucose for a later time
make amino acids-used to make proteins
make lipids-store energy as fats and oils for later
how do plants get the water required for photosynthesis
it diffuses from the soil into the root hair cells by osmosis
how do plants get carbon dioxide required for photosynthesis
it diffuses from the air into the leaves via stomata
what is the chemical equation for photosynthesis
6CO2+6H2O->C6H12O6+6CO2
where does photosynthesis occur
in chlorophyll in the chloroplasts of a leaf
why does the food chain start with plants and algae
plant and algae are producers
they are the main producers of biomass
animals have to eat plants and algae
what are some uses of plant hormones
selective weedkillers
rooting powder-help cuttings grow into well developed plants
giberellins-stimulate germination of seeds
seedless fruits-giberellins spray into fruit to prevent seeds developing
what are auxins
plant hormones that make cells grow longer
what are auxins effected by
light and gravity
what is positive phototropism
grow toward light
what is positive gravitropism
grows downwards toward the pull of gravity
what is a positive tropism
when the plant grows toward the stimulus
what are plant adaptations to waterlogged conditions
spongy tissue in roots-stores oxygen
fine surface roots-take in oxygen at water surface
what are plant adaptations to tropical conditions
large leaves-take in as much light as possible
stems and leaves climb up tree-absorb more light
drip tip leaves-water runs off them
what are plant adaptations to dry conditions
stomata sunk in pits-reduce water loss
waxy cuticle-reduce water loss
rolled leaf-reduce air movement around stomata
leaf hairs-trap moist air around the stomata
how do you use a potometer
note the position of the air bubbles on the ruler at the start
note the position of the bubbles on the ruler after a couple of minutes
divide distance moved by time taken
whats the use of a potometer
measure the rate of transpiration
whats the role of the stomata
allows oxygen to leave a plant and carbon dioxide to enter
whats the role of internal air spaces
increase surface area for diffusion of gas
whats the role of mesophyll cells
pocket with chloroplasts for maximum ohotosynthesis
whats the role of the waxy cuticle
its transparent to let light through
what is the role of the epidermis
protective layer of a plant
what is transloaction
the transport of sucrose around a plant
what is transpiration
the loss of water by evaporation from leaves
how are xylem specialised
dead cells-no cytoplasm or cell contents so more space for water containing mineral ions to flow through
holes in pits of walls-allow water and mineral ions to move out
walls strengthened with lignin-prevents them collapsing
no end walls-form long tubes water can easily flow through
how are phloem specialised
sieve tube element-very little cytoplasm so theres lots of space to transport sucrose
companion cells-lots of mitochondria, supply energy from respiration for active transport
what are the limiting factors for photosynthesis
light intensity
temperature
carbon dioxide concentration
what is the core practical for photosynthesis
fill bottles with gel beads containing algae with an equal volume of hydrogen carbonate indicator solution
what are the results for the core practical for photosynthesis
high concentration of carbon dioxide-yellow
medium-orange/red
low-purple
how can you measure the effect of light intensity on photosynthesis
do a practical that measures the rate of oxygen is given off a piece of pondweed and measure the rate in both bright and dim light
why is photosynthesis an endothermic reaction
because energy in the form of light is taken in and transformed to chemical energy in sugars
what is the role of plants as producers of food
plants carry photosynthesis
this uses energy transferred as light
to produce glucose
which can be converted into other food substances
why does the food chain start with plants and algae
they are producers
they are the main producers of biomass
animals have to eat them
where does photosynthesis occur
in chlorophyll