1.3

• What is the main objective of the lesson on the origin of life and the theory of natural selection?

  To define the theory of Natural Selection by Darwin and show understanding of the theory of evolution by natural selection.
• What is the definition of Natural Selection?

  • Organisms with better traits for survival have a higher chance of survival.
  • Those without advantageous traits have a lower chance of survival.
• What is the basis of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection?

  It is based on his observations of the natural world.
• What does variation in a population refer to?

  Variation refers to the differences in traits among individuals within a population.
• Why is inheritance important for evolution by natural selection?

  Because the variation must be inherited for evolution by natural selection to occur.
• What is the second observation of Darwin's theory regarding overproduction?

  Each species has the ability to produce more offspring than can survive.
• What is the consequence of overproduction in a population?

  It leads to a struggle for existence due to limited resources.
• What are some limits on population growth mentioned in the material?

  Predators, diseases, and unfavorable environmental conditions.
• What does differential reproductive success mean in the context of natural selection?

  Organisms with traits better suited to their environment have a better chance of surviving and reproducing.
• What happens to populations over time due to differential reproductive success?

  The population will be composed mostly of individuals that are well adapted to the environment.
• What are the key points to avoid misconceptions about natural selection?

  1. Individuals do not evolve; populations do.
  2. Natural selection acts only on heritable traits that differ within a population.
  3. The traits that nature selects are always a moving target.