Language Levels

• What is meant by mode?


  How the text is recieved. Is it written or spoken? What are the features?
• What is meant by the register of a text?

  The style of the text usually referring to the degree of formality. High Register = formal text
• What is meant by representation of a text?


  Portrayal of events, people and circumstances through language to create a way of seeing the world.
• What is blended mode text?

  A mixture of written and spoken text
• What is Graphology?

  All the visual aspects of textual design including colour, font, images, layout etc
• What is meant by detonation?


  The explicit, obvious, true meaning of what is presented.
• What is meant by connotation?

  the ideas and associated meaning something has
• What is lexis?

  vocabulary/words for e.g 'colloquial lexis'
• what is meant by semantics?


  meaning of words or text. Semantic Field = a group of words related by their meaning
• What can lexis be? (give examples)

  formal or informal.

  low frequency (uncommon words) or high frequency

  Archaic (Shakespeare language) or Old fashioned

  colloquial

  Jargon (specialist technical words)

  Slang
• What is meant by a euphamism?


  More socially acceptable way of saying something
• What is meant by dysphemism?

  less socially acceptable way of saying something
• What is taboo language?

  words that cannot or should not be said for e.g swear words
• What are the 8 word classes?

  Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs, Pronoun, Prepositions, Determiners and Conjuctions
• What is a common noun?

  A common noun is a general name for a person, place, thing, or idea. e.g chair, cat, country
• A common noun can be split into two categories. What are these?

  Concrete Noun - physical things you can touch e.g; table

  Abstract Noun- ideas, processes, feeling e.g; love, justice, hatred
• What is a proper noun?


  A proper noun is a specific name given to a particular person, place, or thing. e.g Zoe, Paris, Mali
• What are lexical verbs?


  Verbs that have a specific meaning and can stand alone as the main verb in a sentence e.g; play, eat
• What are auxiliary verbs?


  the additional verb phrase that assist the lexical verb for example; I HAD BEEN playing or I WAS eating..
• What are modal auxiliary verbs?

  Modal auxiliary verbs are auxiliary verbs that express necessity, possibility, permission, or ability, the give a judgement of certainty for e.g; must, could, will, should
• What are the 2 types of lexical verbs?


  Dynamic- expresses an action e,g swimming, playing, eating

  Stative- expresses a state of being or thought process e.g love, believe, need, are, am
• Determine the verbs in this statement.

  'I hope I can play soon'


  hope - stative verb

  can - auxiliary verb

  play - dynamic verb
• What does GAP stand for?

  G- genre, (is it an article, speech, letter etc)

  A- audience (who is this targeted at? Teens, adults?

  P- purpose (what is the purpose of this text?)
• What does it show about the writer's representation of themself if a text has a lot of references/statistics?

  They want to represent themself as reliable and a trusted source.
• What does it show about the writer's representation of themself if they use a lot of modal verbs for example; would, could, should, will etc..?

  They want to seem in control and certain
• What is meant by pre-modification (adjectives) ?


  Placing of a modifier in front of a noun

  e.g;

  'The SHINY, BLUE door'

  'It was an UTTERLY, STUPID thing to do!'
• What is meant by post modification (adjectives) ?

  Placing of modifiers after a noun.

  e.g;

  'The girl, PRETTY and PETITE, smiled at me'
• What is meant by evaluative adjectives?


  Have some implicit degree of judgement or bias

  e.g;

  'This meal is BLAND'

  'Your work is WONDERFUL'
• What are comparative adjctives?


  Adjectives used when comparing things

  e.g;

  'She is TALLER than me'

  'He is even MORE stupid than he looks!'
• What are superlative adjectives?

  Adjectives that suggests the most or least of something

  e.g;

  'The BIGGEST piece of cake'

  'The EASIEST question'

  'The MOST annoying person'
• What are adverbs?

  Used to modify a verb, an adjective or sometimes another adverb.

  E.g;

  'quickly, gracefully

  'very, too..'
• What are the 6 groups adverbs are split into?

  Manner: (how something is done) e.g rapidly, slowly

  Time: (when something is done) e.g tomorrow, in a couple hours..

  Frequency: (how often something is done) e.g frequently, rarely

  Place: (where/what direction something is done) e.g backwards, everywhere

  Degree: (to what intensity something is done) e.g very, quite, too

  Comment; (adding an opinion to a clause or phrase) e.g fortunately
• What are adverbials?


  Words or phrases that act like adverbs. They modify the same parts of the sentence as adverbs and are as mobile as adverbs.

  e.g; We will see her IN A WHILE

  He is running AS FAST AS HE CAN
• What is meant by declarative statement?

  Most common sentence For e.g ‘Billy went to sleep’
• What is meant by interrogative sentence

  Questions. For e.g ‘Are you okay?”
• What is meant by imperative sentence?

  Commands or directives (verb always comes first) ‘Stop crying’
• What is meant by exclamative sentence?

  Incomplete sentences ones that don’t fit anywhere else e.g ‘what a terrible day!’
• What is a clause?

  A part of a sentence with a verb
• What is a simple sentence?

  Makes sense on its own and has just one main clause
• What is a compound sentence?

  Two coordinate causes joined by a conjunction, but can make sense on their own