Ayoko na mag aral😭

• What is the primary focus of the course described in Chapter 1?

  The course aims to expose students to various aspects of Philippine history via the eyes of eyewitnesses.
• Why is it important for students to contextualize and content-analyze the chosen readings?

  It helps students comprehend and appreciate Philippine history by gaining insights from individuals who were present at the time.
• What does this chapter serve as an introduction to?

  This chapter serves as an introduction to the conceptual understanding of history as a field of study within the Social Sciences.
• What are the distinctions discussed in this chapter regarding historical sources?

  The chapter discusses the distinctions between primary and secondary sources, external and internal criticism, and various types of primary sources.
• What are the target learning outcomes of the course?

  • Analyze the context, content, and perspective of different kinds of primary sources.
  • Manifest interest in local history and promote national patrimony.
  • Propose recommendations/solutions to present-day problems.
  • Effectively communicate historical analysis of events or issues.
• What should students be able to demonstrate at the end of the lesson?


  Students should be able to demonstrate an understanding of history.
• How do many people mistakenly view history?

  Many people believe that history is just a collection of names, dates, locations, and “significant” events.
• What is the historian's responsibility according to the text?

  The historian's responsibility is to glean insights from the ideas and facts that have impacted men and women's lives as well as society.
• How can a historian help address today's problems?

  By appreciating how events occurred and considering how these events might assist in planning for the future.
• What reflective questions should students consider regarding their past experiences?

  1. The importance of writing a diary.
  2. The significance of other witnesses to events.
  3. The lessons learned from past experiences.
  4. Relating past experiences to others.
• How is history defined in the text?

  History is the study of the beliefs and desires, practices, and institutions of human beings.
• What does the study of history involve regarding Philippine culture?

  It involves an examination of the evolution of Philippine culture over time, particularly regarding colonial influences that shaped the current Philippine identity.
• What can an investigation of the past reveal about our present selves?

  It can reveal a lot about how we became who we are now.
• What does looking back at history teach us?

  It teaches us to appreciate the diversity of human perspectives, beliefs, and civilizations.
• What is the origin of the word "history" according to the text?

  The English word "history" is derived from the Greek noun "istoia," meaning learning.
• How did Aristotle define history?

  Aristotle defined history as a systematic account of a set of natural phenomena, whether or not chronological factoring was a factor in the account.
• What is the most common definition of history today?

  The most common definition of history now means "the past of mankind."
• What is one reason given for studying history?

  History helps us understand people and societies.
• What types of primary sources are examined in Chapter 2?

  Primary sources include the 1898 Declaration of Philippine Independence, Pigafetta's "First Voyage Around the World," and others.
• What is the focus of the contextual analysis of primary sources in this chapter?


  The focus is on the author's background, the historical context, the content of the material, and its relevance to Philippine history.
• What are the target learning outcomes for this lesson?

  Students should discuss Magellan’s expedition, determine the importance of Pigafetta’s journal, and analyze the journal's content and context.
• Why is Pigafetta's journal considered significant?

  It is the first Western account of the Philippines' people and languages and provides essential information about the journey.
• How does Pigafetta's background influence his journal?

  His noble heritage and role as a chronicler commissioned by the King of Spain influenced his portrayal of the people and events he documented.
• What are the key aspects of the Age of Exploration as discussed in the material?

  • Entry of invaders from undiscovered continents
  • Discovery of valuable goods like spices and silk
  • Economic motivations for exploration
  • Emergence of colonialism and mercantilism
• What was one of the main economic motivations for European exploration during the Age of Discovery?

  To find new trade routes to acquire spices directly from their source.
• What was the significance of the Silk Road and Arabian-Italian trade route during the Age of Exploration?


  They were used to bring Asian commodities to Europe, but were costly and often disrupted.
• How did the capture of Constantinople in 1453 affect European trade?

  It compelled European countries to seek direct sea routes to acquire spices and other goods.
• Who established a nautical school to teach sailors about eastern sea passages?

  Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal.
• What was the economic system prevalent in Europe during the sixteenth century?

  The mercantilist system, where wealth was measured by the accumulation of precious metals.
• How did Pigafetta's observations reflect the European perspective of indigenous cultures?

  He viewed indigenous belief systems and ways of life as inferior to Christianity and European norms.
• What did Pigafetta document about the indigenous people he encountered?

  He noted their clothing, customs, and reactions to European technology.
• Why is it important to analyze Pigafetta's journal within its historical context?

  To understand the author's biases and the influence of his background on his observations and interpretations.
• What are the key features of Pigafetta's journal that contribute to its significance?

  • First Western account of the Philippines
  • Detailed observations of the journey
  • Inclusion of maps and illustrations
  • Ethnographic insights into indigenous cultures
• How many surviving manuscripts of Pigafetta's narrative exist?

  Four surviving manuscripts.
• What does Pigafetta's reference to wealth in the islands indicate about European interests?

  It reflects the European obsession with acquiring gold and spices for economic gain.
• How does the context of the Holy Roman Empire influence Pigafetta's views?

  It shaped his perception of non-Christian belief systems as inferior and barbaric.
• What connections can be drawn between the Age of Exploration, Pigafetta’s perspective, and his journal?

  • The Age of Exploration motivated Pigafetta's journey.
  • His perspective was shaped by European norms and biases.
  • His journal serves as a historical document reflecting these influences.
• What precious metals are mentioned in the study material?

  Gold and silver
• Why was Pigafetta's reference to wealth in the islands significant?

  It highlighted the abundance of resources like gold and the economic interests of empires like Spain.
• What was the primary motivation for Spain to seek new areas during the Age of Exploration?

  To amass more cash and wealth to maintain dominance over other European nations.