Pituitary Gland

• Pituitary Gland or Hypophysis
• Pituitary Gland

  Lies in the sella turcica of the base of the brain.
• Pituitary Gland

  Two parts:

  Anterior - adenohypophysis

  Posterior - neurohypophysis
• Pituitary Gland

  Hypothalamus controls both the anterior and posterior pituitary gland.
• Anterior Pituitary Gland Hormones

  Growth Hormone (GH)

  • also known as somatotropic hormone
  • Stimulates growth and cell reproduction.
• Anterior Pituitary Gland Hormones

  Prolactin (PRL)

  • necessary for breast development and lactation
• Anterior Pituitary Gland Hormones

  Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

  • controls functions of the thyroid glands.
• Anterior Pituitary Gland Hormones

  Gonadotropic hormones

  • two gonadotropins: follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)
  • they affect development of secondary sex characteristics
• Anterior Pituitary Gland Hormones

  Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

  • controls functions of the adrenal glands
• Anterior Pituitary Gland Hormones

  Melanocyte-stimulating Hormone (MSH)

  • necessary for pigmentation
• Posterior Pituitary Gland Hormones

  Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

  • also called as vasopressin
  • it increases water reabsorption in the collecting ducts of the kidneys
• Anterior Pituitary Gland Hormones

  Oxytocin

  • promotes milk "let-down" in a lactating breast
  • causes increased uterine contraction after labor has begun