Cell

• Cell


  Fundamental unit of life
• The term cell originates from the latin word "cellula" meaning "small room"
• Cell theory

  • All organism are made of cell

  • Cell is the basic unit of life

  • Cell comes from pre-existing cells
• Modern Cell theory

  • Energy flows occur within cell

  • Heredity information is passed on from cell to cell

  • All cells have the same basic chemical composition
• Unicellular 


  organism consist of a single cell that performs all necessary life function
• Multicellular 


  organism are composed of multiple cell
• Two types of cell

  Prokaryotic

  Eukaryotic
• Prokaryotes 


  Cell that lack a nucleus or membrane bound organelles
• Eukaryotes 


  Cells that have nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
• Robert Hooke


  credited with the discovery of cells, while examining a thin slice of cork
• Anton Van Leeuwenhoek 


  Father of microbiology
• Anto Van Leeuwenhoek 


  observation include detailed description of bacteria from his own teeth, and sperm cell
• Matthias Schleiden


  he proposed that all plants are composed of cell
• Theodor Schwann


  proposed that all animal tissues are also made of cells
• Rudolf Virchow


  credited with completing cell theory by adding "omnis cellula a cellula"
• Cell membrane 


  also known as the plasma membrane
• Cell membrane 


  it acts as barrier, it control movement in and out of the cell
• Phospholipid 


  head contain glycerol and phospate (hydrophilic)

  Tail made of fatty acid (hydrophobic)
• Cell wall


  protective layer that surrounds the cell membrane
• Cell wall in plants

  cellulose
• cell wall in bacteria

  peptidoglycan
• cell wall in fungi

  chitin
• nucleus 


  control center of the cell
• Nucleus houses the cell genetic in the form of chromosomes
• Nuclear membrane 


  double-layered that surrounds the nucleus
• Chromosomes 


  The blueprint of life
• Chromosomes 


  thread-like , they are essentially packages of DNA
• Nucleolus 


  responsible for the synthesis and assembly of ribosomes
• Cytoplasm 


  gel-like substances
• Endoplasmic Reticulum 


  vast network of interconnected membranes that extends throughout the cytoplasm
• Ribosomes 


  Tiny cellular machines found in all living cells
• Mitochondria 


  powerhouse of the cell
• Golgi Bodes 


  plays crucial role in processing, packaging, and transporting proteins and lipids
• Lysosome


  also know as "recycling centers"
• Vacuoles


  essentially enclosed compartment filled with water
• Cytoskeleton 


  it provides structural support
• Microtubules


  responsible for maintaining the shape, and providing tracks for transport
• Microfilaments 


  involved in cell movements muscle contraction, and cytokinesis
• Centrioles 


  it plays crucial role in cell division
• Chloroplast 


  responsible in process of photosynthesis