pathogens

• Communicable diseases


  diseases that can SPREAD between organisms and caused by pathogens.
• The types of pathogens:

  • bacteria
  • viruses
  • protists
  • fungi
• BACTERIA:

  • Very small, single-celled organisms that can reproduce by themselves.
  • They reproduce rapidly inside our body, because of the good food supply
  • They can cause illness by producing TOXINS, that damages cells and tissues.

  
• VIRUSES:

  • viruses are NOT cells and are NOT living
  • Much smaller than bacteria
  • They invade cells in the body and uses the cell's own machinery to replicate themselves and reproduce INSIDE body cells.
  • Once the cell is full of viruses, it BURSTS and releases them to attack other cells
  • The damage to your cells and can make you feel unwell.

  
• Infection


  The invasion and multiplication of pathogenic microbes in an individual or population, but it does not always result in a disease.
• Disease


  When an infection causes damage to the individual's vital functions or systems.
• Non-communicable diseases


  a disease, which cannot be spread from one person to another.
• PROTISTS:

  • These EUKARYOTES can live as PARASITES, they may live on or inside other organisms and can cause harm.
  • They are transported to the host by a VECTOR, like a mosquito, which itself does not get the disease.
  • They enter the organism and infect the cells.

  
• FUNGI:

  • These organisms can be single-celled or multi-celled
  • Multi-celled fungi have a body made of HYPHAE; Structures that can cause infections by penetrating human skin or plant surfaces.
  • Hyphae can produce SPORES which aid in their spread to other plants and animals.
  • They grow and penetrate human skin and the surfaces of plants causing diseases.

  
• viruses


  • can't reproduce by themselves
  • Once they get inside another organism cell:
  • they use the cell's own machinery to make loads of copies of themselves.
  • when the time is right, it bursts the cell and all of those new viruses will have to find new cells to take over.
  • This damage our bodies and make us feel ill.

  
• recurrent episode


  When symptoms return after a person fully recovers from a previous episode.
• Episode


  a sudden short period in which someone suffers the effects of a physical or mental illness.
• Pathogens:


  Microorganisms that can invade and harm the body.

  • bacteria produce toxins
  • viruses reproduce in healthy cells