Materials (chp.16+17?)

• What is matter made of?

  Tiny particles
• What is the definition of matter?

  Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass
• What are the three states of matter?

  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Gas
• How do the states of matter differ in terms of shape and volume?

  • Solid: Definite shape and volume
  • Liquid: Definite volume, not definite shape
  • Gas: Not definite shape or volume
• What determines the state of matter?

  The amount of energy the particles contain
• What is sublimation in terms of state changes?

  • Sublimation is the change of a solid to a gas directly.
• What is melting?


  The change of a solid to a liquid
• What is evaporation?

  The change of a liquid to a gas at the surface
• What is boiling?

  The change of a liquid to a gas throughout the liquid
• What is condensation?

  The change of a gas to a liquid
• What is freezing?

  The change of a liquid to a solid
• What is the boiling point (BP)?

  The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas
• What is the melting point (MP)?


  The temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid
• What is diffusion?

  The spreading out of particles in a liquid or gas until they fill the available space
• What is Brownian Motion?

  The rapid random movement of microscopic particles suspended in a liquid or gas
• What is an atom?

  The smallest particle of a substance that has the properties of that substance
• What is an element?

  A substance made of only one kind of atom that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
• What is a molecule?

  When two or more atoms are bonded together
• What is a compound?

  A substance that occurs when two or more elements bond
• How do pure substances and mixtures differ?

  • Pure substances: Consist of only one type of particle
  • Mixtures: Consist of two or more substances mingled together but not chemically combined
• Can mixtures be separated easily?

  Yes, they can be separated easily
• What is a mixture?

  A mixture is when 2 or more substances are mingled together but not chemically combined.
• How can the components of a mixture be separated?

  The components of a mixture can be separated easily.
• Give an example of a mixture where the components are clearly visible.

  An example is sand and water.
• What characterizes a suspension?

  A suspension is formed when insoluble particles are too small/light to sink and remain suspended in the fluid.
• What happens to particles in a suspension when the fluid attacks them?

  The fluid can cause the particles to break up, making them appear to "disappear".
• What is a solution?

  A solution is a mixture of a solute in a solvent where the particles are thoroughly mixed together.
• What is a solvent?

  A solvent is a substance that can dissolve another substance.
• Dilute


  Clear, solutions ,have a small amount of solute relative to solvent
• Concentrated 


  Cloudy, solutions , have a large amount of solute relative to solvent
• Solute


  Dissolved in a solvent
• Solvent


  Perfect mixture of a solute and solvent