Immunity

• Types of Immunity

  Innate (Natural) Immunity - immunity that a person is born with; provides general, nonspecific defense against pathogens.
• Types of Immunity

  Adaptive (Acquired) Immunity - Immunity that develops after exposure to a specific pathogen.
• Types of Adaptive Immunity

  Humoral Immunity - Mediated by B-cells producing antibodies.

  Cell-mediated Immunity - Mediated by T-cells targeting infected cells.
• Antigen vs Antibody

  Antigen (Ag) - Foreign bodies e.g. bacteria, viruses, protozoa, parasite, toxins
• Antigen vs Antibody

  Antibody (Ab) - Protein that destroys familiar antigen
• Types of Antibodies: Mnemonic: GAMED
• Types of Antibodies:

  IgG - Immunoglobulin during Acute Period; transplacental
• Types of Antibodies:

  IgA - Breastmilk
• Types of Antibodies:

  IgM - immunization
• Types of Antibodies:

  IgE - allergy
• Types of Antibodies:

  IgM - first antibody in the injury site
• Types of Antibodies:

  IgG - second antibody in the injury site
• Types of Antibodies:

  IgD - unknown
• Immunity Types

  Active Immunity - developed through exposure to an antigen
• Immunity Types

  Passive Immunity - Immunity gained through the transfer of antibodies from another source.
• Immunity Types

  Natural Immunity - by means of natural exposure and maternal transfer
• Immunity Types

  Artificial Immunity - by means of vaccination or immunization
• Immunity Types

  Passive - Antibodies given to the individual, short-term
• Immunity Types

  Active - long-term
• Immunity: Summary

  • Active Immunity: Your body makes its own antibodies.
  • Natural: From infection.
  • Artificial: From a vaccine.
  • Passive Immunity: You get antibodies from another source.
  • Natural: From mother to baby (placenta or breastfeeding).
  • Artificial: From an injection of antibodies.

  Active immunity is long-lasting, while passive immunity works immediately but doesn't last as long!