13- electrical systems

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anu

Cards (61)

What are cells in the context of electricity?
Cells are portable sources of electricity.
What is an example of a cell? 
A battery is an example of a cell.
How do cells convert energy?
They convert chemical potential energy to electrical energy.
What happens to electrical energy produced by cells?
The electrical energy is then converted to other forms of energy for use.
What is an electric circuit? 
The path along which the electric current moves is called the electric circuit.
What components are joined together to make a circuit?
Electrical components are joined together to make a circuit.
What are some common electrical components in a circuit?
Connecting wires
Bulb
Switch
Ammeter
Voltmeter
Fuse
Electric cell
Fixed resistor
Variable resistor
What is a closed circuit? 
A closed circuit is formed when electrical components are joined together without any gap in between.
What happens in a closed circuit?
Electricity is able to flow from one end of the electric cell, through the electrical components to the other end of the cell.
What is an open circuit?
An open circuit is an incomplete circuit.
What happens in an open circuit?
Electricity cannot flow in an open circuit.
What is an electric current?
An electric current is the rate of flow of electric charges.
What is the SI unit of electric current?
The SI unit of electric current is Ampere (A).
What instrument is used to measure electric current?
The measuring instrument for electric current is an ammeter.
How should an ammeter be connected to measure current? 
An ammeter should be connected in series to the circuit.
How is the positive terminal of an ammeter connected?
The positive terminal of the ammeter connects to the positive terminal of the cell.
What are charge carriers in an electric current?
Charge carriers in an electric current are electrons.
In which direction do electrons flow in a circuit?
Electrons flow from the negative terminal to the positive terminal of the cell/battery.
What is conventional current?
Conventional current is the flow of positive charges from the positive terminal to the negative terminal of the cell/battery.
What is the difference between electron flow and conventional current?
Electron flow describes the actual motion of particles, while conventional current is an agreed-upon concept.
What is potential difference? 
The potential difference across a component is the amount of work done to drive a unit charge through the component.
What is the SI unit of potential difference?
The SI unit of potential difference is volts (V).
What instrument is used to measure potential difference?
The measuring instrument for potential difference is a voltmeter.
How should a voltmeter be connected to measure potential difference?
A voltmeter should be connected in parallel across the object to be measured.
What is electrical resistance?
Electrical resistance is a measure of how much a component opposes the flow of electric current.
What is the SI unit of electrical resistance?
The SI unit of electrical resistance is ohm (Ω).
What is the formula for resistance?
The formula for resistance is $R =$ $\frac{V}{I}$ .
What does a higher electrical resistance imply?
A higher electrical resistance implies it is harder for current to flow through.
What are insulators and conductors in terms of resistance?
Insulators have very high resistance, while conductors have lower resistance.
What are the common types of resistors?
Fixed Resistors
Variable Resistors
What is a fixed resistor?
A fixed resistor is a resistor of known value that cannot be changed.
How can fixed resistors represent their resistance value?
Fixed resistors can be colour-coded to represent certain resistance values.
What is a variable resistor?
A variable resistor, commonly known as a rheostat, can vary resistance in a circuit.
What are common uses of variable resistors?
Common uses of variable resistors include volume control in music systems and remote control of toy cars.
What are the characteristics of series and parallel circuits?
Series circuit: has only one path for charge to flow.
Parallel circuit: has more than one path for charge to flow.
What are useful effects of electricity?
Electricity can be converted into many forms of energy.
One such energy form is thermal energy.
What materials are commonly used in electric heating elements?
Nichrome is commonly used in electric heating elements.
Why is nichrome used for heating elements?
Nichrome is used because it has high resistance and can withstand high temperatures.
What happens when an electric current passes through heating elements made of nichrome?
When an electric current passes through these heating elements, they heat up rapidly.
How do filament lamps convert electrical energy?
Filament lamps convert electrical energy to light energy.