biological molecules

• carbohydrates elements = carbon hydrogen and oxygen
• protein elements = carbon hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen
• lipid elements = carbon hydrogen and oxygen
• starch --(amylase)--> maltose --(maltase)--> glucose
• protein --(protease)--> amino acids
• lipids --(lipase)--> fatty acids and glycerol
• starch food test - add iodine = turns from yellow to black
• glucose test - add benedict's solution, add to water bath of 75 degrees = turns from blue to red
• lipids test = add sudan 3 and shake = separates into 2 and top line turns red
• enzymes = biological catalyst that increase the rate of reaction without being used up
• denature = change the shape of the active site so the enzyme doesn't fit with the substrate
• denatured by high temperature, high pH
• carbohydrates = provides energy - pasta rice
• lipids (fats) = provide energy and insulation - butter
• protein = used in growth and tissue repair - meat fish
• vitamin A = improve vision, healthy hair and skin - liver
• vitamin c = prevents scurvy - fruit
• vitamin d = calcium absorbtion - eggs (sun)
• calcium = make bones and teeth - milk cheese
• iron = make haemoglobin - red meat
• water - replace lost water
• dietary fibre = aids movement through the gut - wholemeal bread
• balenced diet = MVFCPFW
• m = minerals
• v = vitamins
• 1st f - fats
• c - carbohydrates
• p = protein
• 2nd f = fibre
• w = water
• optimum = peak - most active
• protein test = add biruet solution and shake = turn from blue to pink