Binary question which reduces complex issues too much
Puts too much power in the electorate
Delegitimising the power of politicians e.g. in 2016 Cameron resigned as he wanted to remain
Not all have political literacy
Elected politicans have more expertise to act rationally e.g. in 2016 EU voters immigration fears and perceived damage to "British values" allowed for emotional decision making
Elected representatives consider minority and majority when making decisions
Scottish independence voters did not have to consider the rest of the UK
EU referendum did not have to consider NI
Undermines Parliamentary sovreignty
Undermines representative democracy and the trustee model
Referendums are ad hoc and advisory
However in 2022, following the Gina Miller case, the Supreme Court ruled that Parliament had to vote to enact Article 50
2016 MP Creagh for Wakesfield voted against enacting Article 50 even though her constituency voted overwhelmingly to Leave
Tyranny of the majority e.g. Scotland tyrannised by English majority - 62% voted to Remain
Media can lack transparency e.g. 350 Million Red Bus
Turnout has been low - 38% in 1998 Elected Mayor
Turnour is only generated for bigger issues
Can cause division, especially with a close result and no quorum
2016 EU had 51.9% Leave and 48.1% Remain - division and calls for 2nd referendum
2014 Scottish referendum 55.3% no and 44.7% yes - second one pushed for by SNP