Types of variables

• Independent variable


  It is a singular characteristic that other variables in your experiment cannot change. The independent variable is mostly used in experimental research. It is usually used as the treatment to see how the outcomes differ given the intervention. The independent variable is referred to as the cause of a particular effect.
• Dependent variable


  It is the type of variable that is being measured in quantitative research mostly in experimental research. This is the variable that reflects the outcome of the research.
• In the experimental research, researchers do not directly control the dependent variable.
• Intervening variables


  It is also known as the mediator variable. A theoretical variable that the researcher uses to explain a cause or connection between other study variables.
• Moderating variable


  It changes the relationship between dependent and independent variables. It may strengthen or weaken the intervening variable's effect.
• Control variables


  It does not have an effect on other variables. It is the constant. It ensures that the experiment results are fair.
• Extraneous variables


  These are factors that affect the dependent variable but the researcher did not originally consider when designing the experiment. It can unintentionally change a study's results.
• Confounding variables


  A third variable that influences both the independent and dependent variable. It can validate your experiment results by making them biased or suggesting a relationship between variables when it does not exist.