U1L3

• What was the primary duty of the Barangay Chieftain's selected young men in ancient Philippine society?


  To protect the barangay, especially at night.
• How did the Spanish government view the preservation of peace and order in the Philippines?


  As part of the military system for the colony's defense.
• What were the police functions during the Spanish regime?


  • Suppression of brigandage by patrolling unsettled areas
  • Detection of local uprisings by spying on the people
  • Enforcement of tax collection, including church revenues
• the Carabineros De Seguridad Publica

  • organized In 1712 to carry out the rgulations of the department of state
  • armed with carbine guns
• What was the special commission given to the Carabineros De Seguridad Publica in 1781?


  To act as the government custodian of the tobacco monopoly.
• What was the purpose of the Royal Decree of December 20, 1842?


  To reorganize the Carabineros De Seguridad Publica into "Cuerpo de Seguridad de Publica".
• How did the duties of the Cuerpo de Seguridad de Publica evolve over time?

  From general duties to specific tasks like guarding customs houses and tobacco warehouses.
• the Cuadrilleros

  provincial police force composed of 80 personnel.
• What was the role of the Guardia Civil created by Royal Decree in Feb. 12, 1852?

  To relieve Spanish Peninsula Troops of their policing duties in towns.
• What significant event marked the beginning of the American occupation of the Philippines?

  The capture of General Emilio Aguinaldo.
• What was the main problem faced by the Americans during their occupation of the Philippines?


  Maintaining peace and order, particularly in the countryside.
• What were the key acts passed during the American occupation that shaped the police system?

  • Act No. 70: Organized the Metropolitan Police Force of Manila (Jan. 9, 1901)
  • Act No. 175: Established the Insular Constabulary (Jul. 18, 1901)
  • Sec 1, Act No. 225: renamed Insular Constabulary into Philippine Constabulary (Oct. 3, 1901)
  • Act No. 193: Created the Manila Police Department (Jul. 31, 1901)
  • Cap George Curry, 1st chief of Manila Police Department in 1901
• Who was the first chief of the Philippine Constabulary?

  Capt Henry Allen.
• What was the role of the Philippine Constabulary after its formation?


  To discharge police law enforcement and public safety functions.
• When was the Insular Constabulary renamed to the Philippine Constabulary?


  Effective October 3, 1901.
• Who was the first chief of the Manila Police Department?

  Capt George Curry.
• What were the provisions of the Municipal Reorganization Act of 1902 regarding the police force?


  • Competitive examinations for police positions
  • Selection of lieutenants from literate candidates
  • Emphasis on honesty and morality in appointments
• What was the state of the Philippine Constabulary after World War II?


  It was reactivated into the Military Police Command.
• What was the Hukbalahap, and where did it originate?


  A communist force that originated in Pampanga.
• What led to the dissolution of the Military Police Command in 1947?


  Executive Order No. 94 issued by President Manuel A. Roxas.
• How did President Ramon Magsaysay address the Huk movement?


  By mobilizing the Philippine Constabulary and using a friendly approach.
• What was the significance of the creation of the PC Metropolitan Command (MetroCom)?


  • Established to quell unrest and violence
  • Authorized 24/7 patrol in Metro Manila
  • Supplemented local police actions
• When was the Integrated National Police established?


  On August 8, 1975.
• What was the role of the Director-General in the Integrated National Police?


  To be the Chief of Constabulary overseeing the police force.
• What led to the creation of the Philippine National Police (PNP)?


  • Result of the People’s Revolution of 1986
  • Established under the 1987 Constitution
  • Created by Republic Act No. 6975 in 1991
• Who were the principal authors of Republic Act No. 6975?

  Senators Ernesto N. Maceda and Aquilino Pimentel, and Congressmen Jose S. Cojuangco Jr. and Rodrigo Gutang.
• What was the role of General Cesar Nazareno in the establishment of the PNP?


  He was named the first Director General of the Philippine National Police.
• What were the components of the Philippine National Police upon its establishment?


  • Members of the Integrated National Police
  • Personnel from the Philippine Constabulary
  • Civilian operatives and technical services
• What was the purpose of Republic Act 8551 enacted in 1998?


  To amend provisions of Republic Act No. 6975 and transform the PNP.
• What was the goal of the PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998?


  To create a more responsive, effective, and relevant police organization.