BIO-LAB

• What is the magnification of the eyepiece/ocular lens in a microscope?

  10x or 16x magnification
• What is the purpose of the draw tube in a microscope?

  It supports the eyepiece and holds the ocular lens
• What does the body tube of a microscope do?

  It allows light to travel from the objective to the ocular
• When is the coarse adjustment knob used?

  It is used for low power objective (LPO) adjustments
• What is the function of the fine adjustment knob?

  It is used for high power objective (HPO) to see finer details of the specimen
• What does the arm/handle of a microscope do?

  It connects parts and supports the handle
• What is the purpose of the inclination joint in a microscope?

  It allows tilting and supports the parts
• What does the pillar of a microscope do?

  It supports and connects the upper part to the base
• What is the function of the base in a microscope?

  It acts as a stand for the microscope
• What is the purpose of the dust shield in a microscope?

  It protects the lenses and objectives
• What does the revolving nosepiece do?

  It shifts from one objective to another and holds the objectives in place
• What are the three objectives of a microscope and their magnifications?

  4x, 10x, and 40x magnification
• What is the function of the stage in a microscope?


  It is the platform where you place the specimen
• What does the iris diaphragm do?

  It allows light in and regulates the amount of light
• What is the purpose of the stage clip?


  It holds the specimen in place
• What is the function of the mirror in a microscope?

  It provides a source of light for viewing the specimen
• What are the main types of microscopes mentioned in the study material?

  • Compound Light Microscope
  • Electron Microscope
  • Phase-contrast Microscope
  • Confocal Microscope
  • Two-photon Excitation Microscope
  • Fluorescence Microscope
• What is the purpose of a compound light microscope?

  To shine a beam of light through a specimen
• What is the magnification range of a compound light microscope?

  From 10X to 100X
• What is the main feature of an electron microscope?


  It uses a focused beam of electrons
• What is the difference between Transmission Electron Microscopes (TEMs) and Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEMs)?

  TEMs visualize structures within a specimen, while SEMs visualize the 3D surface
• What is the purpose of phase-contrast microscopy?

  To provide detailed images of living specimens without requiring stains
• What is the function of confocal microscopy?

  It forms an image by scanning the entire field of view while eliminating blur
• What is the advantage of two-photon excitation microscopy?

  It provides a better signal-to-noise ratio in deep or thick specimens
• What is the definition of microscope resolution?

  It is the amount of detail that can be resolved from the light being refracted through a specimen
• What are the laboratory safety rules mentioned in the study material?

  1. Know the location of safety equipment
  2. Leave experiments at the lab
  3. Know what to do in case of accidents
  4. Dress appropriately
  5. Follow the instructions
  6. Don’t play mad scientist
  7. Don’t eat or drink in lab
  8. Don’t taste or sniff chemicals
  9. Dispose waste properly

  10. Don’t experiment on yourself
• What equipment is needed in the lab for microscopy?

  • Microscope
  • Lab Gown
  • Prepared Slides
  • Surgical Gloves
  • Pencil
  • Sharpener
  • Bondpaper
  • Staining
• What is the difference between a wet mount slide and a prepared slide?

  A wet mount slide is temporary and made with a drop of liquid, while a prepared slide is permanently mounted and preserved
• What are the basic steps for preparing a microscope slide for viewing?

  Place the specimen on the slide, apply a drop of water or oil, and gently lower a coverslip over the specimen
• Where is the slide placed in a microscope?

  On the stage of the microscope
• What are prepared microscope slides?

  They are ready-made slides with a specimen preserved and stained
• What is the purpose of using lens paper to clean microscope lenses?

  To avoid scratching the lenses, as regular tissue can damage them
• Why is it important to start with the lowest power objective when using a microscope?

  To get oriented and locate an area of interest before switching to a higher power
• What should you do if the image is hard to see even when focusing?

  You may need to clean the lens with lens paper
• What is the shape of the stand of the microscope?

  Horse shoe/U shape
• What is the purpose of using cedar wood oil with the oil immersion objective?

  To enhance the clarity of the image
• What is used to remove oil from the oil immersion objective?

  Xylene
• What is the main advantage of using a dark field light microscope?

  It allows visualization of light images on a dark background
• What is the main feature of differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy?

  It enhances contrast in unstained, transparent samples
• What is fluorescence microscopy used for?

  To study the properties of organic or inorganic substances using fluorescence