Multi store

• Models of memory diagram

  Maintenance rehearsal (repeating) short term

  elaborative rehearsal- gets it into long term memory

  encoding semantically - understanding it

  
• Sensory register

  store for each of five senses eg iconic is visual and echoic is acoustic. duration less than half a second, very high capacity. Pay attention to prolong duration or pass further in memory system
• STM people

  George Miller 1956 - most things in 7s like days of week and suggests span is 7 +-2

  Alan Baddeley 1966 - discovered most mistakes are acoustic

  Lloyd and Margaret Peterson 1959 - found duration is 18-30 seconds
• LTM people

  Baddeley 1966 found coding is semantic

  Maintenance rehearsal can extend duration or pass info into ltm
• Patient HM problems

  Retrograde amnesia (could not form new mems)

  Anterograde amnesia (lost some mems from before accident

  •could remmeber info for about 15 mins then forget- LTM not being used. Also lacked episodic mem
• HM -> MSM

  Establishes 2 mem stores

  But had procedural mem (could learn new motor skills) so had dif LTMs
• MSM strengths


  Glanzer and Cumitz - primacy recency effect

  could recall 1st (rehearsal) and last (within 30secs) items of list

  outlines two stores are dif
• MSM strength 2

  Improve mem in everyday life e.g chunking or mnemonics during rev due to being aware of limited capacity (7+-2) Miller. Eg benefit students
• MSM weakness 2 (1 is HM)

  oversimplified as present mem as passive process (STM is stopping off point until info is rehearsed or displaced)

  mem is acctually an active process eg problem solving so working mem may be more credible
• CA

  Some think LTM and STM are completely separate - integrated in real life as its hard to tell where one ends and other begins.

  Campitelli says STM is part of LTM we currently focussed on
• Information processing approach

  info flows through human cognitive system in sequence of stages including input, storage, retrieval - uses computer models and compares mind to them 'computer analogy' by suggesting similarities in way info is processed