B2:Organisation

• Health


  A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being

  
• Physical well-being


  How well the body performs its intended functions

  
• Disease


  An abnormal state in which the body is not functioning normally
• Mental well-being


  How you feel about yourself

  
• Communicable


  A disease that may be transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another
• Non-communicable


  A disease that is not transmitted from one individual to another
• Pathogen


  A microscopic organism or virus that causes a disease

  
• Bacteria


  A single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and is capable of causing disease

  
• Virus


  A non-living infectious agent that invades and then replicates inside living cells

  
• Diet


  The foods and beverages a person eats and drinks

  
• Stress


  The reaction of the body and mind to everyday challenges and demands
• Life situation


  Factors like environment, financial status and gender which people have no control over
• Immune reactions


  Response of the immune system to foreign invasion
• Allergies


  Having an immune response to a substance that should not normally cause a reaction

  
• Epidemiology


  The study of the distribution of mental or physical disorders in a population
• Cancer


  Any malignant growth or tumour caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division

  
• Uncontrolled growth


  When cells lose the ability to control growth

  
• Cell division


  Process by which a cell divides into new daughter cells

  
• Benign tumour


  A lump of cells that cannot invade neighbouring tissues or spread throughout the body

  
• Abnormal cell


  When cell growth and division not under normal control processes
• Malignant tumour


  Lump of cells that have developed the ability to travel to other parts of the body

  
• Secondary tumour


  A lump of cells formed from a cell transported from a primary tumour
• Carcinogen


  A cancer-causing substance

  
• Ionising radiation


  Type of radiation such as UV, X-ray or gamma rays that can cause mutations in DNA

  
• Smoking


  A risk factor for lung cancer

  
• Genetic risk factor


  Specific genes which increase the risk of certain health problems
• Lifestyle risk factor


  Specific actions which increase the risk of certain health problems
• Mutation


  A change in a gene or chromosome

  
• Radiotherapy


  A treatment for cancer using radiation

  
• Chemotherapy


  A treatment for cancer using drugs

  
• Blood


  Connective tissue made of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

  
• Plasma


  The liquid part of blood

  
• Red blood cells


  Blood cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells

  
• White blood cells


  Blood cells that help destroy disease-causing microorganisms

  
• Platelets


  Particles in the blood needed for blood clotting

  
• Cardiovascular disease


  A disease of the heart and blood vessels
• Coronary heart disease


  The clogging of the vessels that surround the heart muscle

  
• Non-communicable


  A disease that is not transmitted from one host to another
• Stent


  A wire mesh tube used to keep arteries open, can sometimes only be a temporary solution

  
• Statin


  A drug used to lower cholesterol, may cause side effects