P2 atomic structure

• What is the mass and charge of a proton?

  Mass = 1, Charge = +1
• What is the mass and charge of a neutron?

  Mass = 1, Charge = 0
• What is the mass and charge of an electron?

  Mass = 0, Charge = -1
• What are isotopes?


  atoms of an element with the same number of protons (and electron) but different number of neutrons
• What is meant by the term mass number of an atom

  The mass number is the number of protons and neutrons added together
• What is relative atomic mass?

  Relative atomic mass is the average mass of an element, taking into account the abundance of each isotope.
• What is the electron configuration of sodium (Na)? (or any other element with uo to 20 electrons)

  The electron configuration of sodium is 2, 8, 1.
• Which sub-atomic particles are found in the nucleus?

  Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus.
• Where are electrons found in an atom?

  Electrons are found in shells or energy levels around the atom
• Why is there no overall electrical charge on an atom?

  An atom has an equal number of protons and electrons, resulting in a neutral overall charge.
• Why are neon and argon in the same group?

  Neon and argon are in Group 18 because they have the same number of valence electrons.
• Why are fluorine and chlorine in the same group?

  Fluorine and chlorine are in Group 17 because they have the same number of valence electrons.
• What are the key characteristics of isotopes?

  • Same element (same number of protons)
  • Different numbers of neutrons
  • Different mass numbers
• What is the significance of the mass number in an atom?

  • Represents total number of protons and neutrons
  • Determines the isotope of an element
• What is the importance of relative atomic mass?

  • Reflects the average mass of isotopes
  • Accounts for relative abundances of isotopes