(1/3)APUSH UNIT 1 SLIDE FLASH CARDS CHAPTER 3

• ENGLAND’S NORTHERN COLONIES

  Massachusetts Bay colony

  1.  Founded by reformer Puritans 

  2.  Royal chartered - MA Bay Co.

  3.  Founded in 1630 - largest start

  4.  Jonathan Winthrop- gov.

  5.  Boston- “city upon a hill”
• ENGLAND’S NORTHERN COLONIES

  Massachusetts Bay colony

  1.  Vote extended to all freemen (male members of Congregationalist Church- no member, no vote)

  2.  Democracy was limited- only “visible saints” could be freemen

  3.  Virtues of hard work- Protest. ethic

  4.  Strict moral codes- “blue laws”

  5.  Clergy could not hold polit. office
• ENGLAND’S NORTHERN COLONIES

  Connecticut

  1.  Settled in 1635 by Rev. Thomas Hooker

  2.  Document “Fundamental Orders”a first constitution-religious tolerance & simple franchise (later property requirement)

  2.  Hartford & New Haven merged

  3.  Secured charter in 1662
• ENGLAND’S NORTHERN COLONIES

  Maine

  1.  Offered rich fishing grounds, other natural resources

  2.  Failed colonization in early 1620’s

  3.  Purchased in 1677 by Massachusetts Bay

  4.  Became separate state in 1820
• ENGLAND’S NORTHERN COLONIES

  New Hampshire

  1.  Rich fishing grounds led to Mass. Bay taking the area

  2.  Charles II separated the colony under royal charter in 1679
• ENGLAND’S NORTHERN COLONIES

  Conflicts with the native peoples

  1.  Indians decimated by disease

  2.  Treaty with Massasoit (helped by Squanto) allowed first Thanksgiving

  3.  Pequot War (1637)- colonial militia crushed Pequot homes, killed many 

  4.  Metacom (King Philip), son of Massasoit, formed Indian alliance & attacked frontier- hundreds killed, westward progress slowed
• ENGLAND’S NORTHERN COLONIES

  Colonial unity

  1.  New England Confederation

      -formed in 1643 for defense: MA Bay & Plymouth, CT colonies

  2.  “Salutary neglect”- Crown paid little attention to colonial operations,unity

  4.  Charles II tightened control- MA refused to comply
• ENGLAND’S NORTHERN COLONIES

  Dominion of New England

  1.  Dominion of New England formed by royal decree & headed by Sir Edmond Andros

  2.  Andros upset Puritans by ruthlessly enforcing Navigation Acts, crown policy

  3.  After Glorious Rev. & William & Mary ascended to throne, Dom. of New England collapsed
• ENGLAND’S NORTHERN COLONIES

  Other unrest

  1.  MA forced to become a royal crown colony

  2.  NY & MD chaotic until new governors appointed

  3.  Despite “salutary neglect”, Eng. controlled many aspects of colonial society
• ENGLAND’S NORTHERN COLONIES

  New Netherlands

  1.  Netherlands revolted against Spain

  2.  Dutch East India Co. a massive exploration machine

  3.  Employed Henry Hudson to explore modern NY 

  4.  Dutch West India Co. founded New Netherland in 1623 and then New Amsterdam 
• ENGLAND’S NORTHERN COLONIES

  New Netherlands

  1.  Colony was a profit enterprise

  2.  Patroonships given to wealthy landowners to settle 

  3.  Very aristocratic

  4.  Problems w/ Indians led to creation of wall- “Wall Street”

  5.  Defeated New Sweden (DE) in 1655
• ENGLAND’S NORTHERN COLONIES

  End of the Dutch

  1.  English intended to seize in 1660’s

  2.  Peter Stuyvesant surrendered New Amsterdam to English

  3.  Renamed New York (Duke of York)

  4.  Immense Dutch cultural influence remained, (even today)

    
• ENGLAND’S MID-ATLANTIC COLONIES

  Pennsylvania  

  1.  Founded by Quakers

  2.  Quakers persecuted in England

  3.  William Penn secured a debt land grant from king

  4.  Advertised settlement and colony was launched in 1681
• ENGLAND’S MID-ATLANTIC COLONIES

  Pennsylvania  

  2.  Liberal colonial assembly and religious tolerance (although Jews & Catholics did not enjoy full rights)

  3.  Anti-slavery, pro-immigration

  4.  Colony grew quickly
• ENGLAND’S MID-ATLANTIC COLONIES

  Delaware

  1.  Under PA governor control

  2.  Granted its own assembly in 1703

  3.  Today, home of tax-free shopping!
• ENGLAND’S MID-ATLANTIC COLONIES

  Summary of Middle Colonies

  1.  Fertile farmland

  2.  Shipbuilding, manufacturing

  3.  Abundant land, mixed ethnicities

  4.  More democratic than in South or New England (socially & economically)