geri

• how much has mean life expectancy increased since 1990

  50%
• how many people over 65 were there in 1900

  3 million
• how many people over 65 in 2020

  53.3 million
• how many people over 65 will there be in 2030

  70.2 million
• how many people in the US are over the age of 100

  100000
• what percent of people over 85 are women

  60%
• what percent more often do epople over 65 visit the doctor than people under 65

  43%
• who are more likely to be below the poverty line

  single elders
• who are more likely to be widowed

  women
• what years are considered baby boomers

  1946-1964
• in 2023 how old were baby boomers

  59-77
• what are the top 10 chronic conditions for people over 65

  arthritis

  hypertension

  hearing impairment

  heart disease

  cataracts

  deformity or orthopedic impairment

  chronic sinusitis

  diabetes

  visual impairment

  varicose veins
• what factors affect aging

  heredity

  lifestyle

  physical health

  attitude
• most disease or disorders among the elderly tends to be _____

  chronic
• what are the physical changes from aging with the respiratory system

  decreased lung function due to loss of elasticity in the tissue

  lung expansion and cough reflex decrease

  exertional shortness of breath from muscle rigidity
• what does COPD do

  restrict ventilation
• what respiratory disease is the leading cause of death

  pneumonia
• what is the 2nd most common cancer but the deadliest

  lung cancer
• what is aspiration pneumonia

  epiglottis gets fluid into the lungs which causes infection
• what is emphysema and what causes it

  permanent damage to the alveoli

  smoking

  over inflation of the lungs
• what does the cardiovascular system do

  exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body
• what can happen to the cardiovascular system

  fatty tissue and collagen fibers accumulate in the heart

  heart valves thicken and can become calcified
• what is arteriosclerosis

  hardening of the arteries
• what is atherosclerosis

  accumulation of cholesterol and lipids in the arterial walls
• what is transcatheter aortic valve replacement


  TAVR

  ortic valve stops working

  replaced with an animal valve

  done in cardiology cath lab
• what is an aneurysm and what is the most often cause

  dilation in an arterial wall

  atherosclerosis
• what is used to image arteriosclerosis

  doppler ultrasound
• what is used to evaluate an aneurysm

  xray CT MRI

  interventional cath
• what is osteoarthritis

  degeneration of the joints
• what is osteoarthritis caused by

  abnormal forces on the bone

  obesity, joint deformity, occupational stress, collapse of bone caused by osteoporosis
• where is osteoarthritis most commonly found

  hips and knees
• what is osteoporosis

  reduction in bone mass density

  the rate of new bone resorption is higher than the rate of new bone growth
• who is more likely to get osteoporosis

  women are four times more likely
• where are the most common fracture sites

  vertebral bodies

  distal radius

  femoral neck

  ribs

  pelvis
• osteoporosis causes

  estrogen depletion

  calcium deficiency

  physical inactivity

  alcoholism and smoking
• osteoporosis with women

  starting at 40 women lose 40% of bone mass
• osteoporosis with men

  starting at 40 men lose 30% of bone mass
• diverticular disease is present in __% of population over 80

  50-70%
• what is diverticulosis

  herniation or outpouching of the mucosa through the muscle layer of the colon wall
• what causes diverticulosis

  poor diet