Bartlett

• Before 1932, what did Psychologists believe memory was?

  Reproductive - memories could be recalled instantly and accurately
• What did Bartlett argue about memory?

  That memory was an active process and was instead Reconstructive
• What did Bartlett mean by memory being Reconstructive?

  He suggested memory was stored in fragments, and when needed to be recalled, it's reconstructed. This explains why memories can be distorted or have missing pieces of information
• What study did he do to prove his theory?

  The "War of the Ghosts" study
• What did the "War of the Ghosts" study involve?

  He gathered British participants to read an American Folk Tale
• Why did he choose "War of the Ghosts" for his study?

  It would be unfamiliar, which is necessary to test memory
• What techniques did he use to carry out his study?

  Serial Reproduction and Repeated Reproduction
• What is Serial Reproduction in the context of the study?

  1. Ask someone to read the story
  2. 15 mins later ask them to recall
  3. Give someone to the recalled version and repeat
• What is Repeated Reproduction in the context of the study?

  1. Ask someone to read the story
  2. 15 mins later ask them to recall
  3. Another 15 mins later ask them to recall again
• What is Schema Theory?

  The theory that the mind uses mental packages to store information