The Structure and Function of the Skeletal System

• Name the bone commonly known as the skull:

  Cranium
• Name the bone commonly known as the collarbone:

  Clavicle
• Name the bone commonly known as the shoulder blades:

  Scapula
• What is the single bone of the spinal cord?

  Vertebrae
• What is the whole spinal cord called:

  Vertebral column
• What bone protects the lungs?

  Ribs
• What bone is in the middle of the ribs?

  Sternum
• What bone is in the upper arm?

  Humerus
• What bones are in the forearm?

  Radius (remember as it is on thumb side)

  Ulna (on pinky side)
• What bones are at the top of the wrist?

  Carpals
• What bones are in the middle of your hand?

  Metacarpals
• What bones are your fingers?

  Phalanges
• What is the hip bone called?

  Pelvis
• What is the bone in your upper leg?

  Femur
• What is the floating bone at your knee?

  Patella
• What bone is the front of your lower leg?

  Tibia
• What bone is the back of your lower leg?

  Fibula
• What bones are at the top of your foot?

  Tarsals
• What bones are in the middle of your foot?

  Metatarsals
• What bones are your toes?

  Phalanges
• What are the 6 functions of the skeletal system? (SPMPMB)

  Support

  Protection

  Movement

  Posture

  Mineral Storage

  Red Blood Cell production
• How does the skeletal system provide support?

  Gives body support, allows us to stand

  Bones held together by ligaments

  Skeleton is a frame for the muscles which attach to bones via tendons.
• How does the skeletal system provide protection?

  Some body parts (brain) are delicate so need protecting.

  Bones protect them from impacts and injuries.
• How does the skeletal system provide movement?

  Muscles firmly attached to bones so form levers to allow for sporting movements - when muscles contract, they cause a pull on the bone, creating movement.
• How does the Skeletal System provide posture?

  Acts as a framework

  Muscles attached to bones to form our body shape.
• How does the Skeletal System help store minerals?

  Minerals change spongy bone matrix into rigid structure so they increase bone density and strength.

  Bones act as a mineral storage depot, releasing dissolved calcium, phosphorus and magnesium into your bloodstream if needed.
• How does the Skeletal system help red blood cell production?

  Ends of long bones contain red bone marrow - this is where red blood cells that carry oxygen are produced.
• What bones articulate at the shoulder?

  Humerus and Scapula
• What bones articluate at the elbow?

  Radius

  Ulna

  Humerus
• What bones articulate at the knee?

  Femur and Tibia
• What bones articulate at the hip?

  Pelvis and Femur
• What is a joint?

  A place where two or more bones meet.
• What are the 6 types of movement?

  Extension

  Flexion

  Abduction

  Adduction

  Rotation

  Circumduction
• What is extension?

  Straightening or extending a limb
• When extension occurs, what happens to the angle at the limb?

  It increases.
• What is an example of extension?

  The arm can be extended at the elbow.

  Shooting in basketball e.g.
• What is the opposite of extension?

  Flexion
• What is flexion?

  Bending or flexing a limb
• When flexion occurs, what happens to the angle at the joint?

  It decreases
• What is an example of flexion?

  The leg can be flexed at the knee.

  Any sporting movements that involve extension also involve flexion.