BIO-LEC (2ND)

• What is the theory that suggests life originated spontaneously from non-living things?

  Abiogenesis Theory
• Who proposed the Abiogenesis Theory?

  Aristotle
• What is an example of abiogenesis according to Aristotle?

  Mud of Nile ➞ frogs
• What did Francesco Redi contribute to the study of abiogenesis?

  He disproved the theory through experiments.
• In what year did Francesco Redi conduct his experiments?

  1668
• What was the main finding of Louis Pasteur's experiments?

  There are airborne bacteria that can contaminate substances.
• What is the theory that states living things can only come from other living things?

  Biogenesis Theory
• Who developed the Biogenesis Theory?

  Rudolf Ludwig Virchow
• What does the Philosophical Theory of Eternity propose about life?

  Life has no beginning and no end.
• According to the Marine Life Theory, where did life originate?

  From the sea.
• What is the Cosmozoic or Interplanetary Theory also known as?

  Theory of panspermia.
• Who are some proponents of the Cosmozoic Theory?

  Richter, Helmholtz, and Arrhenius.
• What does the Divine Creation Theory state?

  Life was created by God.
• What are the seven days of creation according to the Divine Creation Theory?

  1. Created light
  2. Sky
  3. Land, plants/trees
  4. Sun, moon, and stars
  5. Birds and fish
  6. Animals and people
  7. Finished his work of creation and rested
• What is heliotaxis or heliotropism?


  Response to sunlight.
• What is phototaxis or phototropism?

  Response to artificial light.
• What is galvanotaxis or galvanotropism?


  Response to electricity.
• What is geotaxis or geotropism?

  Response to gravity.
• What is an example of an animal that migrates?

  Arctic Tern
• What are examples of adaptation in animals?

  1. Migrate
  2. Hibernate
  3. Dormancy
  4. Camouflage
• What is rheotaxis or rheotropism?

  Response to air or water current.
• What is hydrotaxis or hydrotropism?

  Response to water.
• What is chromotaxis or chromotropism?


  Response to a color.
• What are examples of plant adaptations?

  • Thorns (Protection) - cactus
  • Poisons (Protection) - mushroom/poison ivy
  • Bright Colors (pollination) - flowers
  • Spines (Protection)
  • Odor (Protection) - rafflesia
  • Deep roots - desert plants
• What is the definition of growth and development in living organisms?

  Increase in size through a complex series of chemical processes.
• What are the two types of molecules that make up organisms?

  • Inorganic molecules: water, salts, minerals, gases
  • Organic molecules: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids
• What is metabolism in living organisms?

  All the chemical and energy transformations that occur in cells.
• What are the major phases of metabolism?

  1. Anabolism - building process (consumes energy)
  2. Catabolism - breaking down process (releases energy)
• What is irritability in living organisms?

  The ability to react to any environmental change or stimulus.
• What are the two types of reproduction?

  • Sexual reproduction
  • Asexual reproduction
• What is an example of asexual reproduction?


  Fragmentation in starfish.
• What are the levels of biological organization?

  1. Biochemical
  2. Structure
  3. Physiological
  4. Ecological
• What is homeostasis?


  The regulation of vital conditions within an acceptable range.
• What is the smallest unit of matter?

  Atom
• What is the functional unit of organisms?

  Cell
• What are the types of tissues in the human body?

  1. Epithelial
  2. Connective
  3. Muscular
  4. Nervous
• What are the 13 organ systems in the human body?

  1. Integumentary System
  2. Skeletal System
  3. Muscular System
  4. Nervous System
  5. Endocrine System
  6. Cardiovascular System
  7. Lymphatic System
  8. Respiratory System
  9. Digestive System

  10. Urinary System

  11. Reproductive System (F and M)
• What is the role of perspiration in homeostasis?

  It helps regulate body temperature by losing water.
• What is the significance of reproduction in living organisms?


  It allows life to continue by producing offspring.
• What is the difference between growth and development?

  Growth refers to an increase in size, while development refers to changes over time.