FP early reign

• What event marked the beginning of foreign policy priorities in England?

  The Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis
• When was the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis signed?

  April 1559
• Who were the main negotiators of the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis?

  Henry II of France, Philip II of Spain, and Elizabeth I of England
• What was the agreement regarding Calais in the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis?

  France would keep Calais for eight years and then return it to England
• What financial penalty was imposed on France if they did not return Calais?

  France had to pay 500,000 crowns
• What significant event occurred in June 1559?

  Henry II died in an accident during a jousting match
• Who became king of France after Henry II's death?

  Francis II, his son
• Who did Francis II marry?

  Mary, Queen of Scots
• Which family increased in prominence after Francis II became king?

  The Catholic Guise family
• What action did Francis II take regarding Scotland?

  He sent troops to garrison Scotland
• Who was John Knox?

  A Protestant leader who asked for help from England
• Why was Elizabeth I reluctant to support John Knox?

  She did not want to give legitimacy to subjects rebelling against a monarch
• What was Cecil's position regarding support for Scotland?

  Cecil wanted to support the Protestant cause
• What was one of Cecil's motivations for supporting the removal of Mary, Queen of Scots?

  He believed it would make England more secure
• What did Francis and Mary do that was significant in terms of English royal symbols?

  They used the English royal coat of arms
• What intervention did Elizabeth offer in December 1559?

  She sent a navy to the Firth of Forth to stop French reinforcements
• What was the outcome of the siege of Leith in March 1560?

  The siege failed, and the weather forced the French to withdraw
• When did Mary of Guise die?

  11 June 1560
• What was the Treaty of Edinburgh, signed in July 1560?

  It agreed that France and England would withdraw all their land and naval forces
• What did the Treaty of Edinburgh stipulate regarding Mary and Francis?

  They should not use arms in England and Ireland
• Who was accepted as the provisional conciliar government after the Treaty of Edinburgh?


  The Lord of the Congregation
• When did Francis II die?

  December 1560
• What was the political consequence of Francis II's death for Mary Stuart?

  Mary Stuart returned to Scotland and had to accept influence