Plots and revolts at home and abroad

• What year was the portrait of Elizabeth painted to celebrate the victory of the Spanish Armada?


  1588
• How is Elizabeth depicted in the portrait painted in 1588?


  As powerful and dynamic, appearing much younger than her true age of 55
• What do the symbols in the portrait, such as the pearls and the globe, represent?

  They are believed to promote the queen's power
• What are the key events relating to England's problems with Spain and religious division in the 1570s and 1580s?

  • 1569: The Revolt of the Northern Earls
  • 1570: The Ridolfi Plot
  • 1571: The death of the Spanish
  • 1572: The St Bartholomew's Day Massacre
  • 1580s: Arrival of Jesuit priests
  • 1586: The Babington Plot
  • 1588: War with Spain
  • 1588: The Spanish Armada
• What was the outcome of the Revolt of the Northern Earls in 1569?


  The revolt failed but demonstrated the power of the Catholic opposition in England
• What was the Ridolfi Plot of 1570?


  A conspiracy by a Catholic nobleman to invade England with Mary, Queen of Scots
• What was the result of the Ridolfi Plot?


  It led to the execution of those involved in the conspiracy
• How did the Dutch revolt against Spanish rule affect England?


  It highlighted growing tensions between England and Spain
• What was the significance of the St Bartholomew's Day Massacre in 1572?


  It attacked Spanish influence and broke Spanish dominance on the east coast of Spain
• What was the impact of the arrival of Jesuit priests in the 1580s?


  It increased Catholic plots against Elizabeth
• What was the Babington Plot of 1586?


  A Catholic plot to kill Elizabeth involving Mary, Queen of Scots
• What were the consequences of the Babington Plot?


  It led to the execution of Mary, Queen of Scots
• What was the outcome of the Spanish Armada in 1588?


  The Spanish fleet was defeated, marking a key turning point for England
• What was the significance of the execution of Mary, Queen of Scots in 1586?


  It was evidence of tensions against English interests supported by Spain
• What was the role of Sir Francis Walsingham in Elizabeth's government?


  He was Elizabeth's spymaster responsible for identifying and catching plotters
• What were the main challenges Elizabeth faced at home and abroad from 1569 to 1588?


  • Catholic plots against her
  • Revolts like the Northern Earls
  • Tensions with Spain
  • The Spanish Armada
  • Religious divisions in England
• What was the main aim of the Ridolfi Plot?


  To overthrow Elizabeth and make Mary Queen
• How did Elizabeth respond to the threats posed by Catholic plots?


  She executed Mary, Queen of Scots after the Babington Plot
• What was the significance of the Revolt of the Northern Earls in relation to Mary, Queen of Scots?


  It showed that there were people willing to act to free her and put her on the throne
• What was the impact of the Spanish Armada on England's naval power?


  It demonstrated the power and ability of the English navy
• What year did the Revolt of the Northern Earls occur?


  1569
• What year did the Babington Plot take place?


  1586
• What year did the Spanish Armada occur?


  1588
• What was the main consequence of the execution of Mary, Queen of Scots?


  It heightened tensions between England and Spain
• How did the arrival of Jesuit priests in England affect the political landscape?


  It increased the number of Catholic plots against Elizabeth
• What was the role of the Duke of Norfolk in the Ridolfi Plot?


  He was involved in the conspiracy and was executed as a result
• What was the outcome of the Throckmorton Plot?


  It was discovered and led to increased security measures
• What was the significance of the Spanish Armada's defeat for Elizabeth's reign?


  It solidified her power and demonstrated the strength of her navy
• How did the Catholic plots against Elizabeth reflect the political climate of the time?


  They showed the deep divisions and tensions within England regarding religion
• What was the role of Parliament in addressing the threats to Elizabeth?


  Parliament increased pressure on Elizabeth to counter the threats
• What was the main reason for the Spanish Armada's attack on England?

  To crush the Dutch revolt and challenge Elizabeth's rule
• How did Elizabeth's execution of Mary, Queen of Scots affect her relationship with Spain?


  It worsened tensions and hostility between England and Spain
• What were the implications of the Spanish Armada's defeat for European politics?


  It marked the decline of Spanish dominance and the rise of English naval power
• What was the significance of the Revolt of the Northern Earls in the context of Elizabeth's reign?


  It highlighted the ongoing Catholic opposition and the challenges Elizabeth faced
• What was the main consequence of the St Bartholomew's Day Massacre for Spain?


  It broke Spanish dominance on the east coast of Spain
• How did the Ridolfi Plot reflect the political alliances of the time?


  It involved collaboration between Catholic nobles and foreign powers like Spain
• What were the long-term effects of the Spanish Armada's defeat on England?


  It established England as a major naval power and increased national pride
• What was the role of Sir Francis Walsingham in countering threats to Elizabeth?


  He was instrumental in uncovering plots and ensuring Elizabeth's safety
• What year did the Throckmorton Plot occur?


  1583
• What year did the Ridolfi Plot take place?


  1571