The Arms Race

• What are some key developments in US-Soviet relations from 1945-49?

  Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, Berlin Blockade, Berlin Crisis
• What was the purpose of the Truman Doctrine announced in 1947?


  To provide US support to resist the spread of communism
• What was the Marshall Plan aimed at achieving?


  Aiding war-destroyed economies and allowing for democratic representation
• What was the significance of the Berlin Blockade in 1948?


  It heightened tensions between the US and the Soviet Union
• How did the Cold War intensify after the Berlin Crisis?


  Due to the formation of alliance systems like NATO and the Warsaw Pact
• What was the Warsaw Pact and when was it formed?


  A military alliance formed in 1955 by the Soviet Union and seven other nations
• What was the purpose of the Warsaw Pact?


  To counter the alliance of NATO
• What were the consequences of the Warsaw Pact?


  It increased the arms race and solidified the East-West conflict
• What significant event occurred in 1956 related to the Cold War?


  The Hungarian uprising
• How did the arms race begin between the USA and the Soviet Union?


  Both nations began military projects to build more nuclear weapons
• What was the impact of Stalin's death on Soviet policies?


  It led to changes in leadership and policies under Khrushchev
• Who was the leader of Hungary during the uprising in 1956?

  Imre Nagy
• What was the role of Rákosi in Hungary?


  He used terror and brutality to control the country
• What were the demands of Nagy and the rebels during the uprising?


  They sought political reforms and independence from Soviet control
• What was the response of Khrushchev to the Hungarian uprising?


  He ordered the invasion to suppress the uprising
• What was the significance of the atomic bomb for the Cold War?


  It marked the beginning of the arms race between the USA and the USSR
• How did the death of Stalin affect the arms race?


  It intensified the race as both sides sought to develop more powerful weapons
• What was the first hydrogen bomb test by the USA?


  Conducted in 1952
• What was the impact of the Soviet atomic bomb test in 1949?


  It represented a transformation in military power between the USA and USSR
• What was the significance of the Czechoslovak Crisis of 1968?


  It highlighted the tensions within the Warsaw Pact and the Cold War dynamics
• What was the role of the ÁVH in Hungary under Rákosi?


  It was the secret police responsible for mass arrests and repression
• How did the Western European countries influence Hungary during Rákosi's rule?


  They encouraged opposition to the Hungarian Communist Party
• What were the consequences of the Hungarian uprising for the Soviet Union?


  It demonstrated the limits of Soviet control in Eastern Europe
• What was the date of the Soviet invasion of Hungary?

  1956
• What was the significance of Imre Nagy's statue being erected in Budapest in 1989?


  It symbolized the end of communist rule in Hungary
• What are the key themes to address in the examination question about US-Soviet relations from 1945-49?

  • Truman Doctrine, 1947
  • Containment, 1947
  • Marshall Plan, 1947
  • Berlin Blockade, 1948
  • Berlin Crisis, 1948
• What are the steps to effectively answer an examination question on US-Soviet relations?


  1. Underline key points in the question
  2. List main developments chronologically
  3. Begin with the question text
  4. Explain each development
  5. Link developments to the question
  6. Include key dates and points
• What were the main developments in US-Soviet relations during the Cold War from 1945-58?


  • Truman Doctrine and Containment
  • Marshall Plan
  • Berlin Blockade and Crisis
  • Formation of NATO and Warsaw Pact
  • Arms race and nuclear developments
  • Hungarian uprising
• What were the consequences of the arms race during the Cold War?


  • Increased military spending
  • Development of more powerful weapons
  • Heightened tensions between superpowers
  • Establishment of military alliances
• What were the key features of the Hungarian uprising in 1956?


  • Demands for political reform
  • Role of Imre Nagy
  • Soviet invasion response
  • Impact on Soviet control in Eastern Europe